Скачать или смотреть Rheumatic fever&Rheumatic heart disease explanation in tamil/medical awareness in tamil

Rheumatic fever&Rheumatic heart disease explanation in tamil/medical awareness in tamil
Rheumatic fever is an inflammatory disease that can involve the heart, joints, skin, and brain. The disease typically develops two to four weeks after a streptococcal throat infection. Signs and symptoms include fever, multiple painful joints, involuntary muscle movements, and occasionally a characteristic non-itchy rash known as erythema marginatum. The heart is involved in about half of the cases. Damage to the heart valves, known as rheumatic heart disease , usually occurs after repeated attacks but can sometimes occur after one. The damaged valves may result in heart failure, atrial fibrillation and infection of the valves.
Rheumatic fever may occur following an infection of the throat by the bacterium Streptococcus pyogenes. If the infection is untreated rheumatic fever can occur in up to three percent of people. The underlying mechanism is believed to involve the production of antibodies against a person's own tissues
Treating people who have strep throat with antibiotics, such as penicillin, decreases the risk of developing rheumatic fever. In order to avoid antibiotic misuse this often involves testing people with sore throats for the infection, which may not be available in the developing world. Other preventive measures include improved sanitation. In those with rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease, prolonged periods of antibiotics are sometimes recommended. Gradual return to normal activities may occur following an attack.Once RHD develops, treatment is more difficult.Occasionally valve replacement surgery or valve repair is required.
Diagnosis
Major criteria
• Polyarthritis; A temporary migrating inflammation of the large joints, usually starting in the legs and migrating upwards.
• Carditis: Inflammation of the heart muscle.which can manifest as congestive heart failure with shortness of breath, pericarditis with a rub, or a new heart murmur.
• Subcutaneous nodules: Painless, firm collections of collagen fibers over bones or tendons. They commonly appear on the back of the wrist, the outside elbow, and the front of the knees.
• Erythema marginatum: A long-lasting reddish rash that begins on the trunk or arms as macules, which spread outward and clear in the middle to form rings, which continue to spread and coalesce with other rings, ultimately taking on a snake-like appearance. This rash typically spares the face and is made worse with heat.
• Sydenham's chorea A characteristic series of involuntary rapid movements of the face and arms. This can occur very late in the disease for at least three months from onset of infection.
Minor criteria
• Fever of 38.2–38.9 °C
• Arthralgia: Joint pain without swelling (Cannot be included if polyarthritis is present as a major symptom)
• Raised erythrocyte sedimentation rate or C reactive protein
• Leukocytosis
• ECG showing features of heart block, such as a prolonged PR interval (Cannot be included if carditis is present as a major symptom)
• Previous episode of rheumatic fever or inactive heart disease #rheumatic_fever #RHD #medicalawarenessintamil