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In this video we are going to learn about the first spacecraft named NEAR Shoemaker which was the first spacecraft to land on an asteroid called Eros.
To learn more about what is an asteroid, please watch my video on What is comet, asteroid, meteoroid, meteor and meteorite. The link for the video is    • What is comet, asteroid, meteoroid, meteor...  

On 12 February 2001, NASA’s Near Earth Asteroid Rendezvous or NEAR spacecraft landed on an asteroid named Eros or 433 Eros and thus becoming the first spacecraft to orbit and touchdown on the surface of an asteroid.
The asteroid Eros was discovered on Aug. 13, 1898 by Gustav Witt at Berlin Urania Observatory and Auguste Charlois at Nice Observatory. The elongated peanut-shaped asteroid Eros is a near-Earth object and can pass within 22 million kilometres of Earth. Eros is the second largest near-Earth asteroid after 1036 Ganymed.
NEAR spacecraft was launched on February 17, 1996 and it took four years to travel towards Eros. On February 14, 2000 it went into an elliptical orbit around Eros and thus becoming the first human-made object to orbit an asteroid.
On March 14, 2000 the spacecraft was renamed to NEAR Shoemaker, in honour of the renowned planetary scientist late Eugene Shoemaker.
NEAR Shoemaker stayed nearly one year in orbit around Eros and then started its final mission of landing on Eros. On February 12, 2001 NEAR touched down the surface of Eros, just south of the saddle-shaped feature Himeros.
The last signals were received from NEAR Shoemaker was on February 28, 2001. Scientists says the spacecraft succumbed to the extreme cold temperature of around minus 173 degrees Celsius on Eros.

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Image Credit: NASA
Image by Adolf Halwas (1835-?) - [1], Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index...

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