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Learn how to open new windows in JavaFX upon button clicks, from controllers, with parameters, and how to close old windows when opening new ones.
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Creating New Windows in JavaFX: A Comprehensive Guide

JavaFX is a powerful library for building rich, desktop applications in Java. One common requirement in JavaFX applications is opening new windows, such as dialogs, forms, or separate modules. This guide will delve into various aspects of opening new windows in JavaFX, focusing on practical implementations.

Opening New Windows in JavaFX

Opening a new window in JavaFX involves creating a new Stage or Scene. The Stage represents the top-level container for a JavaFX application, generally corresponding to a window in the operating system.

Opening New Window on Button Click

A frequent use case is opening a new window in response to a button click. Let's see how this can be achieved.

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Here, upon clicking the button, a new Stage (window) is created, a scene with basic content is set, and the window is displayed using show().

Opening New Window from Controller

In an MVC (Model-View-Controller) architecture, you may want to trigger the opening of a new window from a controller class. This enhances the separation of logic and user interface.

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In this example, the handleButtonClick method is invoked upon a button click defined in the FXML layout, and it handles creating and showing the new window.

Opening New Window and Closing Old

There are scenarios where you might want to close the current window when opening a new one. This can be useful for login forms or navigations that should not retain the previous window.

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In this example, after opening the new window, the old window is closed by casting the current scene's window to a Stage and invoking close().

Opening New Window with Parameters

Passing parameters to a new window can be necessary to transfer context or initial data.

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In this example, the method openWindowWithParams accepts a string parameter and displays it in the new window.

Conclusion

JavaFX provides multiple ways to manage windows, offering flexibility for a broad range of applications. Whether it's opening a new window on a button click, from a controller, passing parameters, or managing which windows remain open, JavaFX equips you with the tools to create dynamic, responsive applications.

Understanding these techniques will help you design and develop more sophisticated and user-friendly desktop applications using JavaFX. Happy coding!