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Maximum Length for MySQL `TEXT` Data Types: A Detailed Guide

MySQL offers a family of data types designed to store variable-length character strings: `TEXT`, `MEDIUMTEXT`, `LONGTEXT`, and `TINYTEXT`. These types are invaluable for storing data where the length is unpredictable and can vary greatly from row to row, such as blog posts, comments, articles, and JSON documents. Understanding the capabilities and limitations of each `TEXT` type, especially their maximum length, is crucial for efficient database design and preventing data truncation.

This tutorial provides a comprehensive overview of the `TEXT` data types in MySQL, covering their storage capacity, encoding considerations, when to use each type, code examples, and best practices.

*1. Understanding the `TEXT` Family*

The `TEXT` data type family in MySQL allows you to store large blocks of text. The key difference between them lies in the maximum length of the string they can hold and, consequently, the amount of storage space they consume. Here's a breakdown:

| Data Type | Maximum Length (Characters) | Maximum Length (Bytes) | Storage Requirements | Use Cases |
|--------------|------------------------------|-------------------------|-----------------------|----------------------------------------------|
| `TINYTEXT` | 255 | 255 | L + 1 bytes | Short descriptions, small comments |
| `TEXT` | 65,535 | 65,535 | L + 2 bytes | Blog posts, short articles, descriptions |
| `MEDIUMTEXT`| 16,777,215 | 16,777,215 | L + 3 bytes | Large articles, documents, large JSON blobs |
| `LONGTEXT` | 4,294,967,295 | 4,294,967,295 | L + 4 bytes | Very large documents, extremely long logs |

*L:* Represents the actual length of the string stored in the column. The ...

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