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Gold coin production is a precision engineering that combines traditional craftsmanship with modern technology. Its process involves multiple key links such as design, mold making, blank processing, stamping and post-processing. The following is a detailed process analysis based on search results:

I. Design and model making

1. Pattern design
Designers need to capture the theme elements (such as the dynamic details of pandas) through field trips and draw sketches. After multiple revisions (even hundreds of times), the final design draft is determined.

2. Three-dimensional model making
Use oil clay or plaster to make a three-dimensional model, and then generate a three-dimensional digital model through high-precision scanning for subsequent mold carving. Some complex designs also need to combine traditional jade carving techniques or concave carving to enhance the light and shadow effects.

II. Mold making

1. Carving and surface treatment
Carving process: Use CNC machine tools (accuracy up to 0.01 mm) or hand-carve the original mold, and enhance the details through technologies such as electric spark and laser etching.

Surface treatment: The mold needs to be plated with hard chrome to improve wear resistance, and different patterns (such as mirror and frosted contrast) are formed through sandblasting and mirror polishing to provide multi-level luster for the gold coin.
Special processes: such as reverse sandblasting (bright pattern, frosted bottom), invisible engraving (different patterns are displayed at different angles), etc., to improve anti-counterfeiting and artistry.

2. Mold adaptation and debugging
For large-sized gold coins (such as 10 kg), the equipment needs to be modified to adapt to super-large-size engraving, and composite engraving technology (manual + mechanical) is used to avoid deformation and knife breakage.

3. Preparation of blanks
1. Metal casting and rolling
High-purity gold materials (such as 99.99%) are rolled into gold sheets with a thickness of 0.15~0.2mm after smelting, and the ductility is improved through tempering treatment (750~800℃).
2. Finishing of the blanks
After punching into round blanks, they are edged, polished (traditional mechanical or special chemical polishing) and cleaned to ensure that the surface is flawless.

IV. Stamping and forming
1. Single metal stamping
After the blanks are placed in the mold, the hydraulic press applies high pressure (such as 10 tons of pressure) to stamp the pattern. The extrusion mold adopts a split design, and the surface textures of the accommodating cavity and the graphic cavity are different, forming a contrast effect between mirror and frosting.
2. Bimetallic process
Combining different metal blanks such as gold and silver, or using local gold plating and gold foil inlay technology to enhance the visual effect.
3. Special specification processing
Ultra-large gold coins (such as 180mm in diameter) require special stamping methods to ensure that the pattern is full and the brightness is consistent.

V. Post-processing and quality inspection
1. Flashing and cleaning
Remove the burrs on the edges of the gold coins after stamping, and use a high-pressure air gun to remove the residue.
2. Surface strengthening process
Some gold coins need to be sandblasted, electroplated or vulcanized (antique effect), or color pad printing, laser holography and other processes are applied.
3. Strict quality inspection
Check the pattern details under a microscope to ensure that there are no stains, scratches or deformations, and qualified products are sealed and packaged.

VI. Examples of special processes
Intaglio: Use the principle of metal refraction to show the black and white effect of panda hair (first created by the 1982 Panda Gold Coin).
Borderless design: Cancel the traditional edge cleaning and highlight the continuity of the pattern (such as the 2001 version of the Panda Gold Coin).
Miniature engraving: Carve anti-counterfeiting text in hidden places (such as the 1999 founding ceremony commemorative coin).

Summary
The production of gold coins combines precision machining and artistic design, and each step requires strict control of process parameters. The combination of modern technology (such as 3D modeling, ultrasonic sandblasting) and traditional techniques (such as hand engraving) makes gold coins have both collection value and anti-counterfeiting functions. Gold coins with different themes (such as the Panda series and Millennium commemorative coins) will also adopt differentiated craftsmanship according to the theme requirements to further enrich their artistic expression.
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