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How Does Stress Affect The Immune System?

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Let me start by saying the immune system is a very complicated system of cells and chemicals that work together in a very precise order. I'm going to simplify this, so any chemists out there or immunologists out there, please realize that I am simplifying.

Put simply the immune system is a collection of cells in your body designed recognize when there is something “wrong” inside the body. That wrong thing can be bacteria or a virus, it can be an abnormal cell like a cancer cell, it can be a foreign object like a splinter, or it can be a toxin or poison.

All of these things that are “wrong” are recognized by specific “sentinel” (or guardian) cells which function to detect problems. Then those “sentinel” cells send a messenger other cells in the immune system – you can think about these cells as the “troops” if you want -- which produce antibodies, help to clear away debris, produce chemicals that help to dissolve and carry away abnormal products in the body, and clean up damage that’s been done.

What stress does to the immune system is that at each and every step along this very complicated pathway, the cells do not function optimally. I can’t to go into the very specific types of abnormalities with each cell in this short video or the changes and the chemicals that are produced. But suffice it to say that every single solitary step of the immune process is altered in the state of stress. So, your body cannot recognize, fight away and eliminate abnormal things in the body, whether that abnormal thing is an infection or a foreign material or a toxin or your own cancer cells.

Now there's one more important thing to know. The immune system cells have very short half-lives. They don't live very long, a few days for most of them. Stress cuts down on new cell production. So, not only does the stress cause dysfunction of the cells that are there, it prevents your body from making new cells. So, when old cells die, you may not have good replacements for those.

So, stress affects the immune function in multiple ways.

If you are interested in learning more, you can always find more on my website elizabethhughesmd.com and check out my other videos. I will see you again soon, thanks for watching.

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