Скачать или смотреть What is Portable Executable? .NET CLR Interview Questions and Answers

Question 8. What is portable executable (PE)?

Answer: Every .NET program first compiles with an appropriate compiler like if we write a program in C# language then it gets compiled by C# compiler (i.e. csc.exe).

In .NET framework every program executes (communicate) in an operating system by using CLR (Common Language Runtime).

portable executable

Managed module is standard windows Portable Executable (PE) file which contains the following parts.

PE Header

It is similar to common object file format.

CLR Header

This contains CLR version required to run this managed module, location & metadata. This also contains entry point of function i.e. the address of entry point of function.

Metadata

This contains table information means variable with its data types and default values, functions / methods which are declared & defined in our program.
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Question 9. What is an application domain?

Answer: An Application Domain is a logical container for a set of assemblies in which an executable is hosted. As you have seen, a single process may contain multiple Application Domains, each of which is hosting a .NET executable. The first appdomain created when the CLR is initialized is called the default AppDomain and this default one is destroyed when the Windows process is terminated.

An AppDomain can be independently secured.
An AppDomain can be unloaded.
Independently configured.
No mutual intervention by multiple appdomains.
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How does an AppDomain get created

The AppDomain class is used to create and terminate Application Domains, load and unload assemblies and types and enumerates assemblies and threads in a domain. The following table shows some useful methods of the AppDomain class:

CreateDomain() It allows us to create a new Application Domain.
CreateInstance() Creates an instance of type in an external assembly.
ExecuteAssembly() It executes an *.exe assembly in the Application Domain.
Load() This method dynamically loads an assembly into the current app domain.
UnLoad() It allows us to unload a specified AppDomain within a given process.
GetCurrentThread() Returns the ID of the active thread in the current Application Domain.
In addition, the AppDomain class also defined as a set of properties that can be useful when you wish to monitor the activity of a given Application Domain.

Properties Description
CurrentDomain Gets the Application Domain for the currently executing thread.
FriendlyName Gets the friendly name of the current Application Domain.
SetupInformation Get the configuration details for a given Application Domain.
BaseDirectory Gets the directory path that the assembly resolver uses to probe for assemblies.
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