Antiemetic drugs are commonly used in clinical practice to prevent and treat nausea and vomiting caused by various conditions such as gastritis, motion sickness, pregnancy, chemotherapy, and postoperative states. For Nepali medical students, understanding the pharmacology of antiemetics is essential for exams, OSCEs, and rational prescribing.
In this video, we explain antiemetic drugs in a simple, exam-oriented way. You will learn about the physiology of vomiting, including the role of the vomiting center and chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ), and the key neurotransmitters involved — dopamine (D2), serotonin (5-HT3), histamine (H1), acetylcholine (M1), and substance P (NK1).
We classify antiemetic drugs based on their mechanism of action, including:
• 5-HT3 antagonists (e.g., ondansetron)
• Dopamine antagonists (e.g., metoclopramide, domperidone)
• Antihistamines (e.g., promethazine)
• Anticholinergics (e.g., hyoscine)
• NK1 receptor antagonists (e.g., aprepitant)
• Corticosteroids (e.g., dexamethasone)
The video also covers indications, adverse effects, contraindications, and clinical uses in Nepal, such as managing gastroenteritis, pregnancy-related nausea, and chemotherapy-induced vomiting. High-yield exam points and drug comparisons are included to help with viva and MCQs.
This guide is ideal for MBBS, BDS, nursing, and pharmacy students in Nepal preparing for university exams and NMC licensing exams.
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