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A comprehensive guide on how to include and install `Cython` source files during the packaging of Python projects using `pip`.
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How to Ensure Cython Source Files Are Installed with Our Python Package

Developing packages in Python can sometimes come with its own set of challenges, especially when dealing with Cython source files. One common issue that developers face is ensuring that necessary .pyx Cython files are included during the installation of their package. In this post, we will explore how to resolve the issue of Cython source files not being installed with your Python package.

The Problem

You may have a situation where you have a Cython source file (with a .pyx extension) included in your package. After running the command to create a source distribution (sdist), you find that these files are excluded. This can lead to your package failing to run correctly because the needed Cython files are missing.

For example, when you add a MANIFEST.in file to include the .pyx files and package them correctly, they may still not be installed when someone runs pip install. This leaves your users unable to use the package effectively since it relies on Cython to compile these files on the fly.

The Solution

Fortunately, solving this problem is straightforward. The key lies in modifying your setup.py file appropriately to ensure that the Cython files are included during the installation process.

Step-by-Step Instructions

Open Your setup.py File: Locate the setup.py file in your package directory where you define your package’s metadata.

Modify the setup() Function: In your setup() function, you need to include a couple of parameters:

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package_data: This argument tells Python’s setuptools which files to include in your package. Here you should specify your Cython files.

include_package_data: Setting this option to True tells setuptools to include all files specified by your MANIFEST.in. This includes the .pyx files you added earlier.

Recreate Your Source Distribution: After saving the changes to setup.py, run the following command to recreate your source distribution:

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Install the Package: Finally, you can install your package from the generated tarball to verify that the installation now includes your Cython files:

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Expected Outcome

By following these steps, when you install your package using pip, the specified .pyx files should now be included and available for Cython to compile them on the fly. This will resolve the issue you were experiencing with missing Cython modules.

Conclusion

Packaging Python projects that rely on Cython can sometimes be tricky, especially when it comes to ensuring that necessary source files are included. By making a few modifications to your setup.py file, you can ensure that Cython users have what they need for seamless integration. Following the steps outlined above will help prevent any installation issues related to missing .pyx files.

By focusing on package_data and include_package_data, you are setting your project up for success, making it easier for your users to work with your code without any additional hurdles.