Скачать или смотреть How to Write a Function in Python That Accepts a File Name as an Argument

Learn how to create a Python function that takes a file name as an argument and returns a list of words that occur exactly once in that file.
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This video is based on the question https://stackoverflow.com/q/63066948/ asked by the user 'Timon' ( https://stackoverflow.com/u/13906464/ ) and on the answer https://stackoverflow.com/a/63066987/ provided by the user 'ruby' ( https://stackoverflow.com/u/11769926/ ) at 'Stack Overflow' website. Thanks to these great users and Stackexchange community for their contributions.

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Introduction

If you're diving into Python programming, you might encounter situations where you need to work with text files. One such common task is writing a function that analyzes the content of a text file and extracts specific data based on your requirements. In this post, we will explore how to write a Python function named return_exactly_one(file_name) that will help you find words that occur exactly once in a given text file.

Understanding the Problem

You may have a text file, say test.txt, and you need a way to open that file, analyze its content, and get a list of words that are unique. The challenge here is passing the file name correctly to your function. Instead of hardcoding the filename inside your function, we want to make it flexible by passing the filename as an argument.

The Solution

Function Definition

Let’s break down the requirements and see how to define the return_exactly_one(filename) function to achieve our goal.

Function Signature: Begin with a clear function definition that takes one parameter, namely the filename.

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Opening the File: Use the open() function to read the content of the file provided as an argument.

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Reading the Text: Read the contents of the file into a variable called text.

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Closing the File: Don't forget to close the file after reading it to free up system resources.

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Text Processing

Now that we have the text from the file, we need to process it to find the unique words.

Removing Punctuation: To enhance our text analysis, we need to remove any punctuation. This can be done as follows:

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Splitting Text into Words: Convert the cleaned up text into a list of words.

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Counting Words: Use a dictionary to count occurrences of each word.

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Extracting Unique Words

After counting, the final step is to compile a list of words that appear exactly once.

Creating the Unique List: Create a new list that includes only those words whose count is equal to one.

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Returning the Result: Finally, return the list of unique words.

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Putting It All Together

Here’s the full implementation of the return_exactly_one(filename) function:

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How to Call the Function

To call this function and check its functionality, use the following line of code:

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Conclusion

Creating a function that takes a file name as an argument is an essential skill in Python, especially for text processing. By following the steps outlined above, you can easily implement a function that returns unique words from a text file. Remember to keep the function flexible by allowing it to accept different file names, making your function more reusable in various situations.

Feel free to experiment with your text files using this function, and enhance it further based on your needs!