Ouchterlony Double Diffusion for Antigen-Antibody Patterns - Amrita University

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The key reaction of immunology and immune defense is the interaction of antibodies and antigens. This interaction is responsible for the body's defense against viral and bacterial infections and other toxins. The body's defense mechanism recognizes foreign substances, or antigens, and raises specific antibodies against them.The antibodies bind to the antigens and form large macromolecular complexes. study involves use of an immunodiffusion technique in which antigen and antibody are allowed to diffuse in solid agarose medium.

The Ouchterlony Double Diffusion technique is based on the same principle of precipitation. In Ouchterlony double diffusion, both antigen and antibody are allowed to diffuse into the gel. Antigens from different species are loaded into two wells and the known antibody is loaded in a third well located between and slightly below the antigen wells to form a triangle. Depending on the similarity between the antigens, different geometrical patterns are produced between the antigen and antiserum wells. The pattern of lines that form can be interpreted to determine whether the antigens are same or different.