Blood Supply of the Eye (Ophthalmic Artery & Vein) - Anatomy

Content of the video:
0:00 Introduction
0:53 Mnemonic for Ophthalmic Artery
0:59 Dorsal Nasal
1:19 Central Retinal Artery
1:42 Muscular Branches
2:12 Long and Short Posterior Ciliary Arteries
2:22 Ocular Circulation
4:06 Anterior/Posterior Ethmoidal Artery
5:31 Blood Supply of the Eyelids
5:49 Ophthalmic Vein

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Mneumonic for Ophthalmic Artery: DR MCLESSI
- D: Dorsal Nasal Artery - communicates with the angular artery of the facial artery
- R: Central Retinal Artery - Supply the Retina
- M: Muscular branch of ophthalmic artery: supply extraocular muscles, and give off:
○ Anterior ciliary artery
§ Give off a conjunctival branch for the vascular zone of the conjunctiva
§ Give off a branch for major arterial circle
- C: Long and Short Posterior Ciliary Artery:
pierces the eye from the backside, lies in the choroid, and forms the major arterial circle MAC and minor arterial circle (intramuscular arterial circle) IMC
- L: Lacrimal artery: supplies the lacrimal gland
○ Lateral palpebral artery
- E: Ethmoidal artery
○ Anterior ethmoidal artery
§ Goes to anterior cranial fossa and supplies the anterior meninges, then goes down through the cribriform plate to the nasal cavity
○ Posterior ethmoidal artery
- S: Supraorbital artery: Supraorbital foramen to the forehead, anastomose with frontal branch of superficial temporal artery
- S: Supratrochlear artery: Frontal Foramen - for skin and muscles of the forehead
- I: Internal or Medial palpebral artery

Ocular Circulation :
- Major Arterial Circle of Iris (MAC)
○ Formed by the Long Posterior Ciliary artery and branch of the anterior ciliary artery.
○ MAC supplies the Iris and ciliary processes
- Intramuscular arterial circle (ICM)
○ Formed by the branch of the anterior ciliary artery and the short posterior ciliary artery
○ Supply outer and posterior part of the ciliary muscles

Nasal Blood Supply :
- Anterior Ethmoidal Artery
- Posterior Ethmoidal Artery
- Sphenopalatine artery
- Greater palatine artery
- Superir Labial Artery
- They anastomose at the nasal septum and form Little's Area or Kisselbach's area, which is the area you nosebleed from.


Blood supply of the eyelids:
- Superior Palpebral Arch and Inferior Palpebral Arch are formed by:
○ Medial Palpebral Artery
○ Lateral Palpebral Artery (from Lacrimal Artery)

Ophthalmic Vein:
- Superior Ophthalmic Vein - communicates with the angular vein as nasofrontal vein
○ Central retinal vein for the retina
- Inferior Ophthalmic Vein - communicates with the angular vein
○ Give off Branch for the pterygoid plexus
○ Give off a branch for the superior ophthalmic vein
- Varicose veins (2 superior and 2 inferior) - contribute to the major arterial circle and intramuscular arterial circle in the choroid