Blood Supply of the Eye (Ophthalmic Artery & Vein) - Anatomy

Content of the video:
0:00 Introduction
0:53 Mnemonic for Ophthalmic Artery
0:59 Dorsal Nasal
1:19 Central Retinal Artery
1:42 Muscular Branches
2:12 Long and Short Posterior Ciliary Arteries
2:22 Ocular Circulation
4:06 Anterior/Posterior Ethmoidal Artery
5:31 Blood Supply of the Eyelids
5:49 Ophthalmic Vein

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Mneumonic for Ophthalmic Artery: DR MCLESSI
D: Dorsal Nasal Artery - communicates with the angular artery of the facial artery
R: Central Retinal Artery - Supply the Retina
M: Muscular branch of ophthalmic artery: supply extraocular muscles, and give off:
○ Anterior ciliary artery
§ Give off a conjunctival branch for the vascular zone of the conjunctiva
§ Give off a branch for major arterial circle
C: Long and Short Posterior Ciliary Artery:
pierces the eye from the backside, lies in the choroid, and forms the major arterial circle MAC and minor arterial circle (intramuscular arterial circle) IMC
L: Lacrimal artery: supplies the lacrimal gland
○ Lateral palpebral artery
E: Ethmoidal artery
○ Anterior ethmoidal artery
§ Goes to anterior cranial fossa and supplies the anterior meninges, then goes down through the cribriform plate to the nasal cavity
○ Posterior ethmoidal artery
S: Supraorbital artery: Supraorbital foramen to the forehead, anastomose with frontal branch of superficial temporal artery
S: Supratrochlear artery: Frontal Foramen - for skin and muscles of the forehead
I: Internal or Medial palpebral artery

Ocular Circulation :
Major Arterial Circle of Iris (MAC)
○ Formed by the Long Posterior Ciliary artery and branch of the anterior ciliary artery.
○ MAC supplies the Iris and ciliary processes
Intramuscular arterial circle (ICM)
○ Formed by the branch of the anterior ciliary artery and the short posterior ciliary artery
○ Supply outer and posterior part of the ciliary muscles

Nasal Blood Supply :
Anterior Ethmoidal Artery
Posterior Ethmoidal Artery
Sphenopalatine artery
Greater palatine artery
Superir Labial Artery
They anastomose at the nasal septum and form Little's Area or Kisselbach's area, which is the area you nosebleed from.


Blood supply of the eyelids:
Superior Palpebral Arch and Inferior Palpebral Arch are formed by:
○ Medial Palpebral Artery
○ Lateral Palpebral Artery (from Lacrimal Artery)

Ophthalmic Vein:
Superior Ophthalmic Vein - communicates with the angular vein as nasofrontal vein
○ Central retinal vein for the retina
Inferior Ophthalmic Vein - communicates with the angular vein
○ Give off Branch for the pterygoid plexus
○ Give off a branch for the superior ophthalmic vein
Varicose veins (2 superior and 2 inferior) - contribute to the major arterial circle and intramuscular arterial circle in the choroid