Скачать или смотреть 🩺 APPROACH TO CONGENITAL HYPOTHYROIDISM | Step-by-Step Pediatric Guide

🩺 APPROACH TO CONGENITAL HYPOTHYROIDISM | Pediatric Endocrinology Simplified

In this detailed session, we discuss congenital hypothyroidism — the most common preventable cause of mental retardation in children.
Learn the pathophysiology, diagnosis, investigations, and clues to identify central vs primary hypothyroidism early in newborns.

📚 What You’ll Learn:

🔹 Causes: Thyroid dysgenesis, agenesis, dyshormonogenesis, iodine deficiency

🔹 Physiology of TRH → TSH → T4/T3 axis

🔹 Difference between primary and central hypothyroidism

🔹 Key diagnostic markers: High TSH, Low T4

🔹 Clinical clues: midline defects, facial dysmorphism, pituitary involvement

🔹 Role of newborn screening and ultrasound findings

👶 Clinical Pearl:
If T4 is low and TSH is not elevated, suspect central hypothyroidism involving hypothalamus or pituitary.

🎯 Ideal for:

MBBS / MD students

FMGE / NEET-PG aspirants

Pediatric residents and practitioners

📖 Watch till the end for differential diagnosis and exam-based key points.
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🧩 Chapter Timestamps

⏱️ 00:00 – Introduction
→ Overview: Most common preventable cause of developmental delay or mental retardation in children.

⏱️ 00:13 – Sites of Pathology
→ Hypothalamus, anterior pituitary, thyroid gland, or target tissues.

⏱️ 00:30 – Most Common Cause
→ Thyroid dysgenesis – structural or developmental defect in the thyroid gland.

⏱️ 00:47 – Basic Physiology
→ TRH (hypothalamus) → TSH (pituitary) → T4 & T3 (thyroid gland).
→ T4 = storage form; T3 = active form.

⏱️ 01:26 – Investigations
→ Measurement of TSH, Free T4, and T3 levels.

⏱️ 01:44 – Causes of Congenital Hypothyroidism
→ Thyroid agenesis/dysgenesis, dyshormonogenesis (e.g., TPO deficiency), iodine deficiency, maternal antithyroid drugs.

⏱️ 02:26 – Ultrasound Findings & Lab Correlation
→ Absent thyroid gland → High TSH, Low T4 pattern.

⏱️ 02:46 – Interpretation of TSH and T4
→ High TSH + Low T4 = Primary hypothyroidism.
→ Low T4 + Normal TSH = Central (secondary) hypothyroidism.

⏱️ 03:51 – Central Hypothyroidism Causes
→ Septo-optic dysplasia, germinoma, holoprosencephaly, craniopharyngioma.

⏱️ 04:24 – Summary of Diagnostic Approach
→ Always suspect secondary hypothyroidism if T4 is low but TSH is not elevated.

⏱️ 04:29 – Clinical Clues
→ Midline defects (cleft lip/palate, facial dysmorphism) → multiple pituitary hormone deficiencies.

⏱️ 05:01 – Recap
→ Key points in evaluating congenital hypothyroidism and associated conditions.

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#Pediatrics #Endocrinology #CongenitalHypothyroidism #FMGE #NEETPG #Thyroid #MedicalEducation #MedStudent #Paediatrics #hypothyroidismweightloss