Скачать или смотреть Exceptions to the Last Lexical Item Rule (LLI) | Sentence Stress & Intonation | Phonology

Billie English - the YouTube channel to help you improve your English pronunciation, speaking and fluency! Billie is a certified CELTA English teacher trainer and has over 17 years of teaching experience. Learn more about exceptions to the Last Lexical Item Rule (LLI Rule) in this video.


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★★ TIME STAMPS ★★

0:00 - Intro & recap
1:24 - Exception 1: Old information (repetitions)
4:24 - Exception 2: Synonyms or near-synonyms
7:17 - Exception 3: Context
9:06 - Exception 4: Empty Words
10:40 - Exception 5: Contrastive Stress

#intonation #sentencestress #phonology


★★ WHAT THIS VIDEO IS ABOUT★★

This video is Part 2! If you do not know what the Last Lexical Item Rule (LLI Rule is), watch Part 1 first:    • The Last Lexical Item Rule (LLI) | Sentenc...  
In short, the rule states that in English the main stress falls on the last lexical item in a sentence (or better: a tone unit), unless the speaker wants to change the neutral (= unmarked) meaning of the sentence. Lexical items are words such as nouns, most verbs, adjectives and adverbs. They carry meaning and are also often called content words. Function words on the other hand are words such as articles, prepositions, auxiliaries, modals, pronouns and conjunctions. They do not carry much meaning but hold the syntax together. That’s why we also often call them grammar words.
In this second video we are going to have a look at exceptions to the Last Lexical Item Rule (LLI). There are 5 exceptions in total: old information (repetitions), synonyms or near-synonyms, context, empty words and contrastive stress. We are going to discuss each exception in detail using plenty of examples.


★★ ABOUT BILLIE ★★

Billie is a pronunciation coach and content creator based in Barcelona, Spain. Her main focus is English pronunciation, phonology and helping learners speak more fluently. Billie has a degree in Communication Research & Phonology, a PGCE in Primary Education, a Trinity College Cert & DiplomaTESOL and over 17 years of teaching experience. She also works as a CELTA teacher trainer, Cambridge examiner and educational advisor. Her videos have been featured in the Google funded AI app ELSA speak.