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Devika Rani, Indian actress (born March 30, 1908, Waltair, Andhra Pradesh, India—died March 9, 1994, Bangalore, India), was one of India’s most esteemed movie stars in the 1930s and early ’40s and, with her husband, the filmmaker Himanshu Rai, was founder of Bombay Talkies studio. Rani was the grandniece of the Nobel Prize-winning poet Rabindranath Tagore and the daughter of an eminent surgeon. While in London studying architecture, textiles, and art design, she met Rai, who hired her as a set and costume consultant. They were married in 1929 and worked in Germany for several months. Rani made her cinema debut opposite her husband in Karma (1933), the first Indian film released in English and the first to feature a kissing scene. On their return to Bombay (1934), the couple founded Bombay Talkies, employing German and British technicians and having as its mission the production of socially relevant films. Rani was admired both for her luminous beauty and for her sensitive acting in such films as Achhut Kanya (1936; "The Untouchable Girl"), Jeevan Prabhat (1937), Nirmala (1938), and Durga (1939). After Rai’s death (1940), Rani remained at the head of Bombay Talkies until she retired to Bangalore with her second husband, the artist Svetoslav Roerich, in 1945. She was honoured by the Indian government with the Padma Shri, one of the highest civilian awards, and she was the first recipient of the Dada Saheb Phalke prize for her lifetime achievement in Indian cinema.