Скачать или смотреть Balance in Nature - Science Class 5

In this video, you will learn all about Balance in Nature.
Nature maintains a balance between its living and non-living components. If this balance
is disturbed, it will affect all living things on the earth.

Balance between Plants and Animals
If we remove all the carnivores from the food chain, the population of herbivores would increase. It means, more plants will be eaten, which will lead to a decrease in the number of plants on earth. This will eventually lead to a shortage of food as plants are a source of food for all living things.
Hence, it is essential to maintain a balance between plants and animals in nature.

Causes of Imbalance in Nature
Human beings have been altering the environment to fulfil their needs for a long time, causing an imbalance in nature.
• Humans are cutting down trees in large numbers to procure land to build houses, factories and roads. This is called land clearing or deforestation. The wood of trees is then used to build houses, furniture, and many other things.
• Deforestation results in animals becoming homeless. In addition, hunting and killing of animals for the benefit and pleasure of man has resulted in animals becoming endangered or even extinct.
• Parts of forests are burnt down to make land available for farming or human settlement. Forest fires may also be caused due to natural reasons such as lightning. Uncontrolled forest fire causes great loss of flora and fauna, and their habitat.
• Cutting down too many trees and burning fuels, result in the increase in the level of carbon dioxide in nature. This causes an increase in the earth’s temperature and is called global warming.
• Harmful gases released in the atmosphere, for example, smoke from automobiles, power plants and factories causes air pollution, and leads to an imbalance in the gases present in the air. Addition of many undesirable things to land and water such as garbage, sewage and factory wastes causes land and water pollution.
• With the increasing population, there is an increase in the demand for water. Groundwater is being used up at a faster rate than it is being replenished. This results in shortage of water.

Restoring the Balance in Nature
• The Government of India is taking steps to restore the balance in nature by setting up national parks and wildlife sanctuaries.
• The government is encouraging people to practise afforestation.
• To increase the level of groundwater, rainwater harvesting is practised in some parts of India. Rainwater harvesting simply means the collection of rainwater and storing it for later use. This involves allowing the rainwater that falls on roofs of houses to flow through pipes into deep holes that are dug in the ground. This helps to replenish groundwater.

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