Congenital Anomalies Of Esophagus part-1 | Tracheoesophageal Fistula |Dr. Shipra Mishra ||

Congenital Anomalies Of Esophagus-
Esophageal atresia (Tracheoesophageal fistula) being the most common types.
Congenital stenosis or obstruction

Tracheoesophageal Fistula(Esophageal atresia)-
Defect of esophageal continuity with or without fistula.
Fistula- Abnormal Communication B/W Trachea or Esophagus.

Symptoms of Tracheoesophageal Fistula (Esophageal Atresia)-

Incidence- 1 in 4500 births
More common in males (3:1)
Recognized within 24hrs of Birth
Regurgitates all feeds (Vomiting).
Difficulty breathing while feeding.
Saliva – Continuous Pouring (diagnostic feature)
Cough, Cyanosis, Respiratory Distress, Pneumonia.
Malnutrition's , Dehydration , Failure to gain weight

Investigation-

Obstruction- While passing Nasogastric tube.
Imaging studies contrast chest x-rays- reveal fistula or obstruction
Endoscopy or bronchoscopy-using a thin tube fitted with a small light and camera in child's airway.
Echocardiography.

Treatment- Conservative- Antibiotics , IV fluids , Nutrition’s
Surgical-

Complications of Surgery-

Early complication-

Anastomotic leak (13-16%)
Anastomotic stricture (upto 80%)
Recurrent tracheoesophageal Fistula (3-14%)

Late complications-

Gastroesophageal reflux (30-70%)
Tracheomalacia (10-15%)- Collapse of the airway when breathing
Respiratory Disease (like pneumonia)
Dysphagia

Some important links-

1-    • Surgical Anatomy of Esophagus in Hind...  
surgical anatomy of esophagus

2-    • Congenital Anomalies of Esophagus (Pa...  
congenital Anomalies of esophagus (part-2 )

3-    • Esophageal Varices in Hindi(Cause, Sy...  
esophageal varices

4-    • Acid Reflux in Hindi | GERD in Hindi ...  
GERD

5-    • Esophagus Cancer in Hindi (Cause, Sym...  
Carcinoma of esophagus


#birthdefects #esophagus#GITdisease #fistula#tracheoesophagealfistula #congenitalanomaliesofesophagus #oesophagusdisease #Birthdefectsofesophagus


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