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Fetal anemia | Army Doctor Interview | Ssc AMC Doctor | CAPF | MNS Nursing | Interview Guide
Fetal anemia is an inadequate number or quality of red blood cells in the fetal circulatory system. Red blood cells carry oxygen to the cells and organs within the body. Anemia can lead to many complications in the fetus. As with many fetal conditions, anemia can range from mild to severe. If the anemia is severe, the fetal heart tries to overcome the inadequate number or quality of red blood cells by pumping harder. This can result in fetal heart failure (hydrops).

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The most common reason for fetal anemia occurs when the baby has a specific difference in blood antigens or proteins from the mother. This is referred to as alloimmunization. This happens when the baby inherits certain blood antigens from the father that the mother does not have. The mother's system can create antibodies that attack the fetal cells. This leads to the destruction of the fetal red blood cells and, eventually, to fetal anemia.

Another fetal anemia cause can be one of several maternal infections, such as Parvovirus, a common childhood illness. There are blood tests that can be done to confirm a recent or past infection with this virus.

Fetal anemia can also be the result of blood loss from the fetal circulation. There are other more rare conditions that can be fetal anemia causes as well. These include structural fetal abnormalities or masses such as a sacrococcygeal teratoma.


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