Скачать или смотреть AUSTRIA Explained

chronological record of Austria’s political evolution, starting with its ancient Celtic and Roman roots. The text transitions into the Middle Ages, highlighting the rise of the Babenberg and Habsburg dynasties, which established Austria as a dominant European power. Throughout the Early Modern period, the sources detail the struggles of the Reformation, the threat of Ottoman expansion, and the administrative reforms of enlightened monarchs like Maria Theresa and Joseph II. The 19th-century sections focus on the Napoleonic Wars, the formation of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, and the rise of nationalist movements. Finally, the overview addresses the 20th century, covering the collapse of the monarchy after World War I, the Anschluss with Nazi Germany, and the eventual restoration of an independent republic. This comprehensive outline serves as a foundational guide to the major events, figures, and shifts in Austrian governance and society.