Скачать или смотреть Looking into the heart of a fault. Loch Arkaig.

The rocks in the country above the Witches' Cauldron have seen a rich history of deformation associated with the Caledonian Orogeny. Late-stage brittle faulting overprints the earlier ductile features, and there are some really nice small faults exposed in the road that cuts up to the small hydroelectric scheme.
One of the nice things about small faults is you can see all of the features you get in much larger faults, but at a manageable scale - so they are a good place to explain fault mechanics.

Here we look at a strike-slip fault which shows many of the features associted with the much larger Great Glen Fault whiuch was probably contemporaneous to it. There is evidence for both slow-slip and more rapid earthquake movements here since there is both brittle gouge and slickenline developed.

You can see how the damage in the surrounding rock gradually increases as you approach the fault core. And within the core there is even a small fault melange - a region with lenses of hard rock surrounded by much softer fault gouge, formed as the different rocks encoundered by the fault each deformed differently according to their relative strength. You see this at a much lager scale in regional faults, but the interpretation can be quite a bit more complex - see for example my video about the core of the Great Glen Fault:
   • The Heart of the Fault.  Great Glen Fault ...  

See also:
The three types of fault -
   • One Minute Plus: The three types of fault