Скачать или смотреть Why Transmission Voltage Is in Multiples of 11 in Electrical System?

The idea that transmission voltages are in multiples of 11 (like 11 kV, 22 kV, 33 kV, 66 kV, 132 kV, 220 kV, etc.) is a traditional practice, not a strict technical rule. Here's why it came about and what actually happens:

1. Historical Practice:
Early electrical systems were designed with standard voltages like 11 kV. To scale up for longer distances and higher power, multiples like 22 kV, 33 kV, etc., were used. This made manufacturing, insulation design, and regulation simpler at the time.

2. Form Factor and Efficiency:
The multiplication of 11 was a convenient step-up voltage for transformers. It kept losses and insulation needs manageable as power transmission evolved.

3. Voltage Drop Consideration (Myth Debunked):
Some say voltages are in multiples of 11 because of a 10% voltage drop allowance (e.g., 11 kV includes a 10% drop from 11 kV to 10 kV), but this is just a myth. The percentage drop is handled through regulation and design, not fixed by the voltage level.

4. Modern Systems Don’t Always Follow It:
Today, we use voltages like 400 kV, 765 kV, etc., which are not multiples of 11. So it's not a rule—just a traditional standard that was widely adopted.

In short: Transmission voltages being in multiples of 11 is mostly a result of historical design practices and standardization—not a technical necessity.

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