Drugs Acting on Uterus (Part-03) Uterine Relaxants |Tocolytics Introduction and Mechanism (HINDI)

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Oxytocin (Oxt) is a peptide hormone and neuropeptide. It is normally produced in the hypothalamus and released by the posterior pituitary. It plays a role in social bonding, sexual reproduction, childbirth, and the period after childbirth. Oxytocin is released into the bloodstream as a hormone in response to stretching of the cervix and uterus during labor and with stimulation of the nipples from breastfeeding. This helps with birth, bonding with the baby, and milk production. Oxytocin is derived by enzymatic cleavage from the peptide precursor encoded by the human OXT gene. Oxytocin has peripheral (hormonal) actions and also has actions in the brain. Its actions are mediated by specific oxytocin receptors. The oxytocin receptor is a G-protein-coupled receptor, OT-R, which requires magnesium and cholesterol and is expressed in myometrial cells.

Oxytocin is used as a prescription drug under the brand name Pitocin. Under medical supervision, an oxytocin injection is sometimes used to start birth contractions or strengthen them during labor, and it helps reduce bleeding after delivery. Side effects include a rapid heartbeat and unusual bleeding. If too much oxytocin is delivered too rapidly, it can lead to a rupture of the uterus. Oxytocin can also be given to make the uterus contract and control bleeding after delivery or a termination.


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