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The Subsidiary Alliance was a system devised by Lord Wellesley, the Governor-General of India from 1798 to 1805, to bring Indian states under British control. Under this system, Indian rulers were forced to accept a British subsidiary force in their territories, which they were required to pay for. In return, the British promised to protect the Indian ruler from any external threat.

The Subsidiary Alliance was introduced to weaken the power of Indian states and bring them under British control without resorting to direct military conquest. It was designed to benefit the British by providing them with a steady source of revenue and a means to exert control over the Indian states.

The system was first implemented in the Carnatic region of southern India in 1798, and was later extended to other parts of the country. Some of the major Indian states that were brought under the Subsidiary Alliance include Mysore, Hyderabad, and Awadh.

The Subsidiary Alliance system was highly controversial, and many Indian rulers resented the presence of the British subsidiary forces in their territories. However, the British were able to maintain the system for several decades, and it played a significant role in the consolidation of British power in India.

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