What is Helicobacter Pylori Bacteria & Symptoms of H. Pylori

An educational video all about helicobacter pylori bacteria & symptoms of H. Pylori and its role in gastritis and gastric ulcer.

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What is helicobacter pylori bacteria or H. Pylori for short? Dr. Barry J. Marshall and Dr. J. Robin Warren were awarded the 2005 Nobel Prize for medicine for their work in discovering the Helicobacter Pylori bacterium and its role in gastritis and peptic ulcer disease back in 1982. How it all started was when Dr. Robin Warren, a pathologist from Perth observed small bacteria colonizing the lower part of the stomach in about 50% of patients who had their stomach biopsied. He also observed that signs of inflammation were always present in the stomach walls close to where he saw the bacteria. Dr. Barry Marshall, a colleague, became interested in these findings and they together succeeded in cultivating this previously unknown bacterial species. Until then, the medical world was still entrenched in the belief that lifestyle caused gastric ulcers. Today, it has been proven already that H. Pylori causes more than 90% of duodenal ulcers and 80% of gastric ulcers.
Some of the common symptoms of gastritis and ulcer disease are abdominal bloatedness and nausea, burping and belching, abdominal pain, heartburn, bad breath, loss of appetite, and in severe cases even loss of weight.
Now, think about it, I’m pretty sure most of you have had one of these symptoms that I’ve just mentioned. In fact, an estimated 50% of adults in the world today have H.Pylori infection. Higher if you are in developing countries and Lower if you are in an industrialized, developed country.
50%. That’s pretty high. And when gastritis and ulcer disease are severe, they may even lead to bleeding from the walls of the stomach and intestines, resulting In you feeling fatigued and having fainting spells, anemia or low blood count, black foul-smelling tarry stools. in severe cases even hemorrhage which may be fatal. In the long run, it can even lead to gastric cancer. Of course, some other known causes of Gastritis and ulcer disease include smoking and drinking, regular use of pain medications called non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ( NSAIDS ) which includes aspirin and ibuprofen, stress.
It's still not known how H. Pylori spreads. Researchers suspect it may be spread via unclean food and water or through contact with an infected person’s saliva and other body fluids.
Risk factors to getting it includes overcrowding and poor sanitation or habitation conditions. Therefore good handwashing and drinking clean water are some of the ways to prevent an H.Pylori infection.
Evidence has also shown that adults age 50-60 and above tends to have a higher prevalence of H.Pylori within their gut. When the bacteria enters our body, it attaches itself to the walls of our gut and produces a toxin that causes inflammation. If it is not treated, prolonged inflammation may eventually result in ulcers and cancer formation.
So logically speaking, anyone with symptoms of gastritis and ulcer disease should get themselves checked for H.Pylori.
The most accurate test will be a gastric endoscopy.
A small camera will be passed through your mouth and esophagus into the stomach and small intestine. Through this tube, a small sample of the stomach wall lining where the inflammation is seen can be collected and sent for biopsies and CLO testing.
Through the biopsy and CLO test, confirmation of H.Pylori bacteria infection can be detected.
The advantage of this test is that visual confirmation of gastritis or ulcer disease can be confirmed and gastric cancers can also be excluded.
An alternative, the non-invasive test would be a urea breath test.
This is a simple test where you are required to blow into a bag before and after swallowing of a pill to see if the carbon dioxide level rises in the second bag where you breathe into it.
An increase in carbon dioxide would indicate an H.Pylori infection. This is a good test to be done in children with whom an H.Pylori infection is suspected as young children may not be good candidates to go through an endoscopic procedure.
There are a few other tests such as blood testing for H.Pylori antibodies, Stool testing for H.pylori antigen, or an h.pylori culture to attempt to grow the bacteria from your stool sample. Now the good news is that there are effective treatments to eradicate H.Pylori infection. It involves using a combination of gastric acid reduction medications with antibiotics in what is known as triple therapy or quadruple therapy.

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