Shaykh Hamza Yusuf explains the Islamic requirement of the hijab applies to free women not slave women. This is a historic fact and understanding of classical scholars of Islam, which many modern Muslims are unaware of.
According to jurists, the private parts (awrah) of slave-women is not the same as the private parts of free women who are required to cover their body except the face and hands. The awrah of the slave woman is the same as the awrah of men. "the ‘private parts/nakedness (‘awrah)’ of female slaves is the same as that of free males, which consists of the area between the navel and the knees." [Misri, ‘Umdat al-Salik]
In early Islam, Muslims were not obsessed with women's dress like we see in many Muslim communities nowadays. Non-Muslim women are not expected to cover their hair or wear the hijab, and there were bare-chested slave women walking around Madina, including serving male guests.
This is clear from reports about the slave women of Umar serving his male guests during the caliphate of the second Caliph of Islam. Also it was reported in several traditions that Umar ibn al-Khattab rebuked slave women for wearing the hijab as the Qur'anic command for female veiling was for free Muslim women only. In one variant, he told the slave woman, "DO not imitate free women evert again1"
In another variant, he proclaimed to the people, "Do not let slave women resemble their mistresses! Do not dress them in robes such that they resemble free, chaste women! God the Exalted said, [Q. 33:59] 'O Prophet, tell your wives, your daughters and believing women to cover themselves with their robes."
In another report Umar saw a slave woman wearing a veil, and he raised his switch against her, saying, "Uncover your head! Do not imitate free women."
In a report Umar saw s slave woman leave Hafsa's house or perhaps it was a house of one of the wives of the Prophet - dressed in a robe. Umar entered the house, asking "Who is this slave women?" They answered , "A slave woman of ours" - or they said, "A slave woman belonging to the family of so-and-so - whereupon Umar became angry, asking, "Do you send your slave women out in all their finery, tempting people?"
In another report, When Umar was preaching he saw a slave woman leaving the house of Hafsa dressed as a free woman. When Umar [finished preaching], he met with Hafsa and asked, "Who is this woman who left your house, mingling with menfolk?" She answered, "A slave woman belonging to [your son] Abd al-Rahman," [Umar asked] "What led you to dress your brother's slave woman in the dress of free women? I entered thinking she was a free woman, and wished to punish her."
The companion, Anas ibn Malik reported, "The slave women of Umar used to serve us with their heads uncovered, their breasts knocking together and their anklets exposed."
In another tradition, Ja'far ibn Muhammad al-Sadiq (d. 765) was asked if slave women are required to veil during prayer. He answered, saying, "No, and when my father, may God be pleased with him, saw a slave woman praying in a veil, he would strike her, saying, 'Do not imitate free women, you moron!' This was [so] that free women would be distinguishable from slave women."
Omar Anchassi reports 21 reports about the veiling of slave women with full references in his article "Status distinctions and sartorial difference: Slavery, sexual ethics, and the social logic of veiling in Islamic law" Click here to read: https://www.pure.ed.ac.uk/ws/portalfi...
Full video: From lecture series: Qurrat al Absar (The Discerning Eye's Delight) - Shaykh Hamza Yusuf
Rihla, Madinah.
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