Скачать или смотреть ಚೆಕ್ ಬೌನ್ಸ್ ಸಹಿ ವ್ಯತ್ಯಾಸವೂ ಅಪರಾಧವೇ? || Cheque bounce Is signature mismatch also a crime?

Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881, deals with the criminal offence of cheque dishonour due to insufficient funds or if the amount exceeds the arranged limit. It penalizes the drawer with up to two years' imprisonment, a fine up to twice the cheque amount, or both, provided a legal notice is sent within 30 days of dishonour and payment is not made within 15 days.
Key Requirements & Procedure
Validity: The cheque must be presented within its validity period (currently 3 months).
Liability: The cheque must have been issued to discharge a legally enforceable debt or liability.
Notice: After receiving the return memo from the bank, the payee must send a written notice to the drawer within 30 days demanding payment.
Cause of Action: If the drawer fails to pay within 15 days of receiving the notice, a complaint can be filed in court within one month from the date the 15-day period expires.
Important Legal Aspects
Presumption: Section 139 presumes the holder of the cheque received it for the discharge of a debt, shifting the burden of proof to the accused.
Compoundable: Offences under this section are compoundable.
Evidence: The bank's return slip is prima facie evidence of the dishonour.
If the drawer fails to make the payment within 15 days of the receipt of the notice, the payee can initiate criminal proceedings under Section 138.
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