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The Demon core was a 6.2 kg sphere of plutonium that became the focus of two fatal criticality accidents at the Los Alamos National Laboratory in 1945 and 1946, leading to the deaths of physicists Harry Daghlian Jr. and Louis Slotin. Intended for a third nuclear weapon during the Manhattan Project, the core's reactivity was so unstable that even small experimental errors could trigger a lethal criticality event. After the incidents, the remaining plutonium was melted down and reabsorbed into the U.S. nuclear stockpile.
Background and Purpose
Manhattan Project:
The core was created by the Manhattan Project during World War II as the fissile material for the third nuclear bomb to be used in the war.
Post-War Experiments:
Following Japan's surrender, the core remained at Los Alamos for scientific experiments and potential future use.
Criticality Accidents
Harry Daghlian's Accident (August 1945):
While performing an experiment, Daghlian accidentally dropped a brick onto the plutonium sphere, causing a prompt criticality that released a lethal dose of radiation, killing him days later.
Louis Slotin's Accident (May 1946):
During a similar experiment, Slotin was using a screwdriver to keep the plutonium halves separated. When the screwdriver slipped, the two hemispheres clicked together, triggering a rapid, deadly burst of radiation that killed Slotin within days and injured others.