Return Bends in Sprinkler System & hydraulic Calculations Mistakes related to Return Bend l NFPA 13

WHEN RETURN BEND IS REQUIRED?
Return bends shall be used where pendent sprinklers are supplied from a raw water source, a mill pond, or open-top reservoirs.

WHERE RETURN BEND IS NOT REQUIRED?
Return bends shall not be required for deluge systems.
Return bends shall not be required where dry pendent sprinklers are used.
Return bends shall not be required for wet pipe systems where sprinklers with a nominal K-factor of K-11.2 or larger are used.

WHAT ARE THE ADVANTAGES OF USING RETURN BEND?
Return bends are used basically to avoid accumulation of sediment in the drop nipples so, it shall be connected to the top of branch lines in accordance with figure below.

WHAT ARE THE COMPONENTS OF RETURN BEND?
1-Arm over: A horizontal pipe that extends from the branch line to a single sprinkler or a sprinkler above and below a ceiling.
2-Riser nipple: A vertical pipe between the cross main and branch line.
3-Branch line: The pipes supplying sprinklers, either directly or through sprigs, drops, return bends, or arm-overs.
4-Hanger: A device or assembly used to support the gravity load of the system piping.
5-Pendant sprinkler: A sprinkler designed to be installed in such a way that the water stream is directed downward against the deflector.

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