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SLIDING DOMES AND ROOF TOP OF MASJID AN NABAWI, MASJID AL HARAM , MADINA AL MUNAWARA , SAUDI ARABIA

Moving domes are emblems of modernization in the Prophet's Mosque. There are 27 moving domes over the mosque. In addition to their unique aesthetic character, they also allow ventilation as they open and close automatically three times a day: after Fajr, Dhuhr and Isha prayers.

The Prophet's Holy Mosque in Madinah, Saudi Arabia, is one of the largest buildings in the world. It is the site of the original mosque built by the Prophet Mohammed in 622, originally a 30m x 35m open air building with a raised platform for the reading of the Qu'ran. It is now two stories tall and the mosque is now 100 times its original dimensions and can hold half a million worshipers at a time. Over the main prayer hall are 27 domes made of FRP, made by Premier Composites Technologies of Dubai. Innovative techniques were developed for the production of these sliding domes for the Prophet's Holy Mosque in Madinah. The domes rest on square bases that feature openings to transmit light into the prayer areas below. The domes can also slide sideways on metal tracks to open the prayer space to the sky, and provide shade for worshipers on the roof, helping to deal with extreme temperature conditions. The light weight of the material is key to the sliding design. The lightweight composite domes provide a mobile roof to the internal courtyards, sliding open and closed to counteract extreme temperature changes and control and support the air-conditioned environment of the mosque.

The domes are made from a sandwich of glass fibre and epoxy resin composite with a thermoplastic foam core. This material is strong, durable and extremely lightweight with as little as 15% of the weight of an equivalent dome built in concrete. Low thermal expansion means there are no shrinkage problems and edge flanges give them stiffness for a bolted panel-to-panel connection. The richly decorated interior domes are fabricated in maple wood veneer and western red cedar. The PCT team was responsible for all 27 sliding domes when they were based in Germany, trading as a separate company.


MADINA SLIDING DOME:
IN THE KING FAHD EXTENSION ONE CAN FIND THESE DOMES SOME OF THE FACTS OF THESE DOMES ARE AS FOLLOWS:
1:THERE ARE A ABOUT 27 SLIDING DOMES .
2:DOMES STRUCTURE IS MADE UP OF STEEL AND INSIDE IT IS COVERED BY TEAK WOOD.
3:IT IS DECORATED WITH 6 KG OF PURE GOLD IN ALL 27 DOMES.
4:IT IS DECORATED WITH PRECIOUS STONE AMAZONITE.
5:ITS PARTS WHERE MADE IN MANY COUNTRIES LIKE CANADA, SWITZERLAND, MOROCCO,KENYA,GERMANY etc..
6:THE MAIN AIM OF MAKING THE SLIDING DOME WAS TO COVER AND UNCOVER THE PARTICULAR OPEN SPACES EVENLY DISTRIBUTED ACCORDING TO THE WEATHER CONDITIONS