Understanding Ameloblastoma: Causes, Diagnosis, Types, and Treatment

Welcome to Dentogenesis, where we strive to help you excel as a dental student and healthcare professional! In this video, we delve into the intricacies of Ameloblastoma, covering its causes, diagnostic methods, different types, and effective treatment options.

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To summarise, ameloblastoma is a benign, slow-growing, but locally invasive tumour originating from ameloblasts in the odontogenic epithelium.

It's most prevalent in adults between their 30s and 50s, with a slight prevalence in males.

There are two main anatomical classifications: Intraosseous ameloblastomas, which develop within the bone and are typically more aggressive, and Peripheral ameloblastomas, which form in the soft tissues overlying the gingiva or alveolar mucosa and are relatively less common and less aggressive. Intraosseous ameloblastomas can further be subdivided into Conventional and Unicystic types.

From a histological viewpoint, the six classifications include Follicular, Plexiform, Acanthomatous, Granular Cell, Desmoplastic, and Basal Cell types, each showcasing distinct cellular structures and patterns.

Diagnosis encompasses clinical examination, diagnostic imaging like Panoramic Radiography, CBCT, MRI, and CT Scan for detailed perspectives, with biopsy serving as the definitive diagnostic tool.

Management is primarily surgical, with techniques like Enucleation and Resection based on the tumour's size and aggressiveness. Marsupialization serves as a prelude, allowing a reduction in tumour size before definitive surgical intervention.