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Dr Rahul Tripathi (BDS,MDS in Prosthodontics and Implantology)

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FLUORIDE TOOTHPASTE
What is fluoride?
Fluoride is a naturally occurring mineral which exists in:
soil
rocks
water
In its ionic form (F⁻), it is most known for its use in dental care, as it can help prevent tooth decay by strengthening tooth enamel making it more resistant to acids from bacteria and food.
Fluoride is often added to drinking water, toothpaste, and mouth rinses to promote oral health.
Types of Fluoride in Toothpaste
Toothpastes may contain different forms of fluoride, including:
1) Sodium Fluoride (NaF): Most common and highly effective.
2) Stannous Fluoride (SnF₂): Provides additional antibacterial benefits and can reduce sensitivity and gum inflammation.
3) Monofluorophosphate (MFP): Often used in combination with other ingredients.
What are the benefits of fluoride?
Fluoride strengthens teeth and reduces your risk of cavities by approximately 25%.
Specifically, fluoride:
Remineralizes your tooth enamel which make enamel strong and hard.
Slows down the process of demineralization.
Prevents Tooth Decay: Reduces the occurrence of cavities by up to 25%.
Fights Plaque and Bacteria: Inhibits bacterial growth and acid production.
Reduces Sensitivity (Certain Formulas): Some fluoride toothpaste, especially with stannous fluoride, can soothe sensitive teeth.
Affordable and Widely Available: A simple, cost-effective way to maintain oral health.
Excessive Fluoride intake
Excessive fluoride intake, often referred to as fluorosis, can have negative effects on the body, especially the teeth and bones. The effects depend on the level and duration of fluoride exposure. Here's a breakdown:
1. Dental Fluorosis
Occurs due to excessive fluoride consumption during tooth development, typically in children under 8 years old.
Symptoms include white streaks, brown stains, or pitting on the surface of the teeth.
severe cases can weaken enamel.
2. Skeletal Fluorosis
Caused by long-term, high fluoride exposure.
Early symptoms include joint stiffness and pain.
Severe cases can lead to changes in bone structure, reduced mobility, and increased risk of fractures.
3. Other Potential Effects of Excessive Fluoride
Neurological Effects
Endocrine Disruption
Gastrointestinal Issues
Fluoride Concentration
Fluoride concentration is measured in parts per million (ppm):
1. For Adults
Standard Toothpaste: 1,000–1,500 parts per million (ppm) of fluoride.
Most adult toothpastes fall in this range.
High-Fluoride Toothpaste: Up to 5,000 ppm of fluoride.
Prescribed for individuals at high risk of tooth decay.
2. For Children
Many children's toothpastes are specifically formulated with lower fluoride levels (500–1,000 ppm) to reduce the risk of dental fluorosis.
How to Use Fluoride Toothpaste
Adults:
Use a pea-sized amount on a soft-bristled toothbrush.
Brush at least twice daily for 2 minutes.
Avoid rinsing immediately after brushing to allow fluoride to stay on the teeth longer.
Children:
Use a smear (grain of rice-sized) for children under 3 years old.
Supervise brushing to prevent swallowing.
Gradually increase to a pea-sized amount after age 3.
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