Allergy Skin Tests | SKIN PRICK TEST - How is it performed? - Dr.P Lakshmi Satish | Doctors' Circle

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Dr. Lakshmi Ponnathpur, MS - ENT MBBS | Phone 📞 080 2663 1108 (Online & in-person appointment can be booked online or by call) Consultant ENT Surgeon | Skin, Cosmetic & ENT Care Center, Bangalore, India | Registration No: 23754 Karnataka Medical Council, 1985
Skin Prick Test is an immunological test done to confirm the suspected allergen causing allergic rhinitis. Here we mark the skin of an individual usually on the forearm or sometimes on the back of an individual with the squares. Then we introduce a drop of an allergen. Multiple allergens will be used at the same time. These are standardized allergens obtained from the extracts of various allergens such as dust mite, cockroach, pollens, parthenium and other weeds. We also inject two controls histamine and saline and then prick the various allergens onto the skin surface. We observe after a gap of about 15 minutes for any wheel and flare reaction. If the patient is sensitized to that particular allergen you get a bubble called a wheel or a flare and we measure this and confirm on whether the person is sensitized to the allergen which was suspected while taking the history. The advantages of skin prick test are we get the reaction within few minutes and it is very very accurate. This test can be performed in the office of any allergy specialist. We do not require any expensive instruments and the test is reasonably cheap the test is very accurate and very satisfying for the patient because we can demonstrate the allergy reaction directly to the patient and if the history correlates with our finding we can be 100% accurate that the person is sensitized to that particular antigen. So the disadvantages of this test are patient has to stop the antihistamine medication for at least three days prior to doing this test. And if the patient has extensive eczema on the surface where we are doing the test we cannot perform this test and if the patient has any acute febrile illness or if the patient has any acute exacerbation of asthma we cannot perform this test.

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