Скачать или смотреть FUES USED ON SHIPS I LNG, Methanol, Ammonia, Hydrogen.

Great question 👍

Ships use different types of fuel depending on their engine type, trade area, and environmental regulations (like MARPOL Annex VI).


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🔹 Main Types of Fuel Used on Ships

1. Heavy Fuel Oil (HFO / IFO)

Traditionally the most common fuel for large ocean-going ships.

It’s a thick, residual fuel (what’s left after refining crude oil).

Must be heated before use.

Cheaper but high in sulphur → regulated under IMO 2020 sulphur cap.



2. Very Low Sulphur Fuel Oil (VLSFO)

A cleaner type of fuel oil developed after IMO 2020 (max sulphur 0.50%).

Now widely used by merchant ships.



3. Marine Gas Oil (MGO) / Marine Diesel Oil (MDO)

A lighter distillate fuel, similar to diesel.

Used in coastal waters, ECAs (Emission Control Areas), and smaller vessels.

Cleaner but more expensive.



4. Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG)

Alternative marine fuel, burns much cleaner (low SOx, NOx, CO₂).

Requires cryogenic tanks (–162°C).

Used on LNG carriers, cruise ships, ferries, and some new container ships.



5. Other Alternative Fuels (emerging)

Methanol (already used by Maersk new builds).

LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas).

Biofuels (renewable blends).

Ammonia & Hydrogen (future zero-carbon fuels under development).





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🔹 Summary Table

Ship Type / Area Typical Fuel Used

Large ocean-going (bulk carriers, tankers, container ships) HFO (before 2020), now mainly VLSFO
In Emission Control Areas (ECAs: North America, Baltic, North Sea) MGO or compliant fuels
LNG carriers / modern green ships LNG
Future eco-friendly ships Methanol, Ammonia, Hydrogen



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✅ In short:

Traditional fuel: Heavy Fuel Oil (HFO).

Current standard: VLSFO + MGO (after IMO 2020).

Future trend: LNG, Methanol, Ammonia, Hydrogen.