Disproportionation reaction class 11-Latimer diagram-IIT JEE NEET SAT-AdiChemistry-solved problems

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What is the disproportionation reaction? How to predict the stability of oxidation state using Latimer diagrams?

The redox reaction that involves simultaneous oxidation and reduction of atoms of same element from one oxidation state (OS) to two different oxidation states is known as disproportionation reaction.

What is disproportionation reaction?

Note: The disproportionation reaction is also known as dismutation reaction.

The requirement for disproportionation reaction to occur is, the element undergoing disproportionation should exhibit minimum three different oxidation states and the element must be less stable in a particular oxidation state from which it can be both oxidized as well as reduced to relatively more stable oxidation states.

When an element shows three oxidation states in a particular increasing order, the element in the middle oxidation state should be less stable and the higher and lower oxidation states have to be relatively more stable as well as the overall process must be thermodynamically feasible.

The Latimer and Frost diagrams are used to predict whether an atom in particular oxidation state undergoes disproportionation or not (thermodynamic feasibility).

In the Latimer diagram, the unstable species that can undergo disproportionation has a more positive emf value to its right (for reduction) than the emf to its left (for oxidation).

It is also possible to get the same information from Frost diagrams. The Unstable chemical species will be found at higher point on the plot than the line connecting their neighbors.