Topic (46) Antiviral Drugs | Interferon = Mechanism of Action | Interferon In Viral Infection

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Unit 03 of Medicinal Chemistry 03 contains following topics-

Anti-tubercular Agents
Synthetic anti tubercular agents: Isoniozid*, Ethionamide, Ethambutol,Pyrazinamide, Para amino salicylic acid.*
Anti tubercular antibiotics: Rifampicin, Rifabutin, CycloserineStreptomycine, Capreomycin sulphate.

Urinary tract anti-infective agents
Quinolones: SAR of quinolones, Nalidixic Acid,Norfloxacin, Enoxacin, Ciprofloxacin*, Ofloxacin, Lomefloxacin, Sparfloxacin, Gatifloxacin, Moxifloxacin
Miscellaneous: Furazolidine, Nitrofurantoin*, Methanamine.

Antiviral agents:
Amantadine hydrochloride, Rimantadine hydrochloride, Idoxuridine trifluoride, Acyclovir*, Gancyclovir, Zidovudine, Didanosine, Zalcitabine, Lamivudine, Loviride, Delavirding, Ribavirin, Saquinavir, Indinavir, Ritonavir.

Interferons are proteins that can induce a nonspecific resistance to viral infection by several mechanisms, including the inhibition of protein synthesis, inactivation of viral RNA, and enhancement of phagocytic and cytotoxic mechanisms.

There are three types of interferons (IFN), alpha, beta and gamma.
IFN-alpha is produced in the leukocytes infected with virus, while IFN-beta is from fibroblasts infected with virus. IFN-gamma is induced by the stimulation of sensitized lymphocytes with antigen or non-sensitized lymphocytes with mitogens.

Interferons were first described as an antiviral factor that interferes with viral replication in mammalian cells. They are secreted from infected cells and activate innate immune response that promotes not only cytokine production but also natural killer cell functions and antigen presentation. interferons are a group of small proteins that play key roles in host antiviral innate immunity.

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