Скачать или смотреть What is traumatic reticuloperitonitis hardware disease how it is diagnose by Dr Murtaza Khalil AK

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INTRODUCTION
Traumatic reticuloperitonitis is most common in mature dairy cattle.
Cattle commonly ingest foreign objects,
1. Because they do not discriminate against metal materials in feed
2. Do not completely masticate feed before swallowing.
The disease is common when green chop, silage, and hay are made from fields that contain old rusting fences or baling wire,
or when pastures are on areas or sites where buildings have recently been constructed, burned, or torn down.
The grain ration may also be a source because of accidental addition of metal.
Source of condition
The disease is common when green chop, silage, and hay are made from fields that contain old rusting fences or baling wire, or when pastures are on areas or sites where buildings have recently been constructed, burned, or torn down.
The grain ration may also be a source because of accidental addition of metal.
Etiology
Swallowed metallic objects, such as nails or pieces of wire, fall directly into the reticulum or pass into the rumen.
Perforation of the wall of the reticulum allows leakage of ingesta and bacteria, which contaminates the peritoneal cavity.
A more severe diffuse peritonitis develops.
Clinical Findings
Reduced appetite
Scanty faeces
Ruminal bloat
Ruminal atony
Positive foreign body tests
Pain reactions
Systemic reactions
Decreased milk production
The rectal temperature is often mildly increased
Differential diagnoses 
Nonspecific GI signs.
Indigestion,
lymphosarcoma,
Intestinal obstruction,
Abomasal displacement,
Volvulus should be excluded by simultaneous auscultation and percussion.
Pleuritis or pericarditis of nontraumatic origin produces signs similar to those associated with foreign body perforation.
Treatment
Treatment of the typical case seen early in its course may be surgical or medical.
Surgery involves rumenotomy with manual removal of the object(s) from the reticulum.
Antimicrobials should be administered perioperatively. 
 Because of the mixed bacterial flora in the lesion, a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent such as oxytetracycline (16 mg/kg/day, IV) should be used. Penicillin (22,000 IU/kg, IM, once to twice daily)
Prevention
Preventive measures include avoiding the use of baling wire,
Passing feed over magnets to remove metallic objects,
Keeping cattle away from sites of new construction,
Completely removing old buildings and fences,
Additionally, bar magnets may be administered PO, preferably after fasting for 18–24 hr.
Usually, the magnet remains in the reticulum and holds any ferromagnetic objects on its surface.
There is good evidence that giving magnets to all herd replacement heifers and bulls at ~1 yr of age minimizes the incidence of traumatic reticuloperitonitis.


This work is done by MK GROUP
Dr Murtaza khalil dvm
Dr Asad warraich
Dr Subtain Hundal
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Dr Murtaza khalil
phone number 0336 2214000
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