Скачать или смотреть MBA/ UNIT 7 Market Leaders' strategies I Challenges faced by them I Attempts to solve the issues

#StrategiesMarketLeaders#Challengesofmarketleaders#competitivfactors
Challenges for Market Leaders (बाजार नेताओं की रणनीतियाँ)
1. Product Differentiation (उत्पाद में अंतर)
o Explanation (व्याख्या): Leaders maintain their position by offering unique products that stand out from competitors.
o Example (उदाहरण): Nike differentiates its sports shoes with advanced technology like Air Max and Flyknit, along with celebrity endorsements that create a premium brand image.
o Example in India: Amul offers differentiated dairy products by introducing unique flavors of ice cream and new products like Amul Kool, while also keeping its traditional products like butter iconic.
2. Market Penetration (बाजार में पैठ बढ़ाना)
o Explanation (व्याख्या): Increasing market share by offering promotions, reducing prices, or improving distribution.
o Example (उदाहरण): Coca-Cola uses extensive advertising and pricing strategies to penetrate deeper into local and international markets, maintaining its global leadership.
o Example in India: Reliance Jio launched its telecom services with free data and affordable plans to rapidly penetrate the Indian telecom market, gaining millions of customers in a short period.
3. Customer Retention Programs (ग्राहक बनाए रखने के कार्यक्रम)
o Explanation (व्याख्या): Creating loyalty programs or incentives to keep customers returning.
o Example (उदाहरण): Starbucks runs a successful loyalty program where customers earn points on purchases, redeemable for free drinks and rewards, ensuring they return regularly.
o Example in India: Big Bazaar offers discounts and loyalty cards for frequent shoppers, ensuring that they remain loyal to the brand amidst competition.
4. Aggressive Marketing (आक्रामक विपणन)
o Explanation (व्याख्या): Dominating market presence with extensive advertising and promotions.
o Example (उदाहरण): Pepsi constantly engages in competitive advertising campaigns, especially against Coca-Cola, to capture market attention.
o Example in India: Surf Excel uses emotional and relatable marketing campaigns like "Daag Achhe Hain," resonating with Indian families and maintaining its leadership in the detergent market.
5. Mergers and Acquisitions (विलय और अधिग्रहण)
o Explanation (व्याख्या): Leaders sometimes acquire other companies to increase market share, reduce competition, or enter new markets.
o Example (उदाहरण): Facebook's acquisition of Instagram allowed it to maintain leadership in social media by gaining dominance over both platforms.
o Example in India: Tata Motors' acquisition of Jaguar Land Rover helped Tata enter the global luxury car market and improve its position in the automotive industry.
________________________________________
Challenges for Market Leaders (बाजार नेताओं के लिए चुनौतियाँ)
1. Intense Competition (कड़ी प्रतिस्पर्धा)
o Explanation (व्याख्या): Competitors continually try to capture the leader’s market share, which can erode the leader’s position.
o Example (उदाहरण): Samsung faces constant competition from Apple in the smartphone industry, with both companies vying for technological superiority and market share.
o Example in India: Maruti Suzuki faces intense competition from companies like Hyundai and Tata Motors, forcing it to innovate and offer new models frequently.
2. Shifting Consumer Preferences (बदलती उपभोक्ता प्राथमिकताएँ)
o Explanation (व्याख्या): Consumers' changing tastes and preferences can challenge market leaders to keep their products relevant.
o Example : McDonald’s had to adapt its menu by offering healthier options and vegan meals as consumers became more health-conscious.
o Example in India: Hindustan Unilever (HUL) adjusted its product lines to include herbal products under the Ayush brand to compete with companies like Patanjali, which focuses on natural and Ayurvedic products.
3. Technological Disruptions (प्रौद्योगिकीय व्यवधान)
o Explanation (व्याख्या): Market leaders can be challenged by new technologies that disrupt their industry.
o Example (उदाहरण): Blockbuster was a leader in video rental but was disrupted by Netflix’s online streaming model, leading to Blockbuster's downfall.
o Example in India: Traditional retail chains like Shoppers Stop and Big Bazaar face challenges from e-commerce giants like Amazon and Flipkart, which offer the convenience of online shopping.
4. Globalization and New Market Entrants (वैश्वीकरण और नए बाजार प्रवेशक)
o Explanation (व्याख्या): As markets globalize, new players can enter, creating fresh competition for established leaders.
o Example (उदाहरण): Nestle has faced challenges from local brands in different countries, such as Danone in Europe, due to globalization.
o Example in India: Domino’s Pizza had to adapt to local competitors like Pizza Hut and local Indian brands, offering fusion and regional-flavored pizzas to maintain its leadership.
5. Economic Downturns (आर्थिक मंदी)
o Explanation (व्याख्या): A recession or economic slowdown can affect consumer spending, which in turn affects market leaders’ sales.