How do we perceive human speech?

Human speech is a noisy, chaotic mess! How do we untangle that ocean of sound into something intelligible? How do we perceive human speech? Obviously this is a huge question, but in this video we'll scratch the surface of some of the processes involved in perceiving and comprehending speech.

0:00 – Intro
1:52 – Speech as sound
3:48 – Phones vs phonemes
6:41 – Categorical perception
11:11 – Mapping sounds to mental representations
16:11 – Coarticulation
22:48 – Lexical bias effect
25:12 – Phoneme restoration effect
27:30 – McGurk effect
33:25 – Key concepts

Sources:
Harnad (2003). Categorical perception. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/257719/1/...
Kuhl & Miller (1978). Speech perception by the chinchilla: Identification functions for synthetic VOT stimuli. https://asa.scitation.org/doi/abs/10....
McClelland & Elman (1986). The TRACE model of speech perception. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science...
Hardcastle & Hewlett (1999). Coarticulation: Theory, data and techniques. https://books.google.com/books?id=UBr...
Ganong (1980). Phonetic categorization in auditory word perception. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1981-0...
Samuel (1981). Phonemic restoration: insights from a new methodology. https://psycnet.apa.org/journals/xge/...
McGurk & MacDonald (1976). Hearing lips and seeing voices. https://www.nature.com/articles/264746a0
Colin, Radeau, Soquet, Demolin, Colin & Deltenre (2002). Mismatch negativity evoked by the McGurk–MacDonald effect: A phonetic representation within short-term memory. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science...

BBC McGurk Effect Video:    • Try this bizarre audio illusion! 👁️👂😮...