Скачать или смотреть The type of hybridisation of boron in diborane is:

1. Question Statement:
The type of hybridisation of boron in diborane is:
(a) sp³-hybridisation
(b) sp²-hybridisation
(c) sp-hybridisation
(d) sp³d²-hybridisation

2. Concepts and Theory:
Diborane (B₂H₆), hybridisation of boron, three-centre two-electron bond are the key concepts to understand the bonding in diborane. The bonding in diborane cannot be explained using simple covalent bonds. In this molecule, each boron atom forms four bonds even though it has only three valence electrons. This leads to an electron-deficient compound, which is stabilized using multicenter bonding.

In diborane, each boron atom is sp³ hybridised. Two of the sp³ orbitals form normal covalent bonds with terminal hydrogen atoms. The third sp³ orbital from each boron and one 1s orbital from each of the two bridging hydrogen atoms form banana bonds, also known as three-centre two-electron (3c–2e) bonds. This unique bonding explains the unusual structure and bonding of diborane. The remaining sp³ orbital remains unhybridised or overlaps weakly in the multicenter bond framework.

The bridging hydrogen atoms are positioned above and below the plane of the four terminal hydrogen atoms and boron atoms. This results in a bent or banana-shaped bond, which reduces the repulsion between the hydrogen nuclei. The presence of such multicenter bonding and sp³ hybridisation in boron is an important concept in electron-deficient hydrides and inorganic chemistry.