✨ Nucleotide Excision Repair (NER) is one of the most powerful DNA repair systems found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. It protects the genome from bulky, helix-distorting lesions caused by UV radiation, chemical mutagens, environmental toxins, and oxidative damage.
In this video, we break down how NER detects, removes, and replaces damaged DNA, ensuring high-fidelity repair and maintaining genomic stability.
You will learn:
🔬 What types of DNA damage NER corrects
• Thymine dimers
• Cis-platin adducts
• Bulky chemical lesions
• Photoproducts that distort the helix
🧬 How the NER machinery recognizes the distortion
• Global Genome NER (GG-NER)
• Transcription-Coupled NER (TC-NER)
⚙️ Key molecular players
• XPC, XPA, RPA
• TFIIH helicase complex (XPB, XPD)
• Endonucleases (XPF–ERCC1, XPG)
• DNA polymerases and ligase
💡 Why NER is essential for survival
• Prevents mutations and genome instability
• Protects actively transcribed genes
• Maintains cell viability under environmental stress
🧑⚕️ Clinical relevance
• Defects in NER lead to disorders like Xeroderma Pigmentosum (XP), Cockayne Syndrome, and Trichothiodystrophy.
• Understanding NER is crucial in cancer biology and chemotherapy response.
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