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🧬 FREE MSRA PODCAST – DNA Viruses: Family Guide, Key Infections & Exam Nuggets
Smash your MSRA revision with this concise, high-yield breakdown of DNA viruses—structures, families, classic clinical presentations, and key memory tricks.
🧠 Key Learning Points
📌 What Are DNA Viruses?
• Viruses with DNA as genetic material (most are double-stranded—except parvovirus B19, which is single-stranded!).
• Infect a range of human tissues—skin, liver, nerves, respiratory tract.
• Divided into major families based on structure and clinical features.
📌 Core Families & Memory Aids
Mnemonic: HAPPHIP
• Herpesviruses: dsDNA, linear, enveloped (e.g. HSV, VZV, CMV, EBV – think cold sores, chickenpox, mono).
• Hepadnavirus: dsDNA, circular, enveloped (HBV).
• Adenovirus: dsDNA, linear, naked (conjunctivitis, pharyngitis).
• Poxvirus: dsDNA, linear, enveloped (smallpox, molluscum).
• Parvovirus: ssDNA, linear, naked (the exception—slapped cheek, B19).
• Papillomavirus: dsDNA, circular, naked (HPV—warts, cervical cancer).
• Polyomavirus: dsDNA, circular, naked (JC virus, PML in immunocompromised).
Enveloped = fragile outside body, spread by close contact/fluids
Naked = tougher, can spread via surfaces/fomites
📌 Transmission & Risk Factors
• Skin/respiratory: Herpes, adenovirus
• Sexual: HPV, HSV, HBV
• Blood/needles: HBV
• Immunosuppressed: JC virus, CMV reactivation
• Lack of vaccination increases risk (e.g., HBV, HPV)
📌 Pathophysiology & Latency
• Many DNA viruses establish latency—lie dormant, reactivate later (herpes, HBV, VZV, CMV, JC virus)
• Latency explains recurrences (e.g., cold sores, shingles, PML)
• Naked vs enveloped predicts environmental survival and infection control
📌 Clinical Features
• Herpes: painful ulcers (oral/genital), encephalitis
• VZV: chickenpox (vesicles), shingles
• Adenovirus: pharyngitis, conjunctivitis, pneumonia
• Parvovirus: slapped cheek, arthropathy, anaemia
• HPV: warts, cervical/anal/oropharyngeal cancers
• HBV: hepatitis, cirrhosis, HCC
• JC virus: progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML)
• Poxvirus: molluscum (pearly papules), smallpox (eradicated)
📌 Diagnosis
• PCR = gold standard (detects viral DNA in swabs, blood, CSF, tissue)
• Serology (IgM/IgG) = recent/past infection
• Antigen tests, viral culture, histology (e.g., molluscum bodies)
📌 Management
• Supportive for many mild infections
• Antivirals:
 – Acyclovir/famciclovir for HSV/VZV
 – Tenofovir/entecavir for chronic HBV
• Vaccines:
 – HPV, HBV, VZV (in UK schedule)
• Prevention:
 – Hand hygiene (naked viruses tough)
 – Safe sex, vaccination, avoid sharing needles
📌 Complications
• Chronic infection (e.g., HBV, herpes)
• Latency/reactivation (herpes, VZV, CMV, JC)
• Cancer (HPV, HBV, EBV)
• Severe disease in immunocompromised (PML, disseminated VZV/CMV)
• Secondary bacterial infection (e.g., superimposed on HSV lesions)
📎 More DNA Virus MSRA Resources:
📝 Revision Notes: https://www.passthemsra.com/topic/dna-viru... (https://www.passthemsra.com/topic/dna-viru...)
🧠 Flashcards: https://www.passthemsra.com/topic/dna-viru... (https://www.passthemsra.com/topic/dna-viru...)
💬 Accordion Q&A: https://www.passthemsra.com/topic/dna-viru... (https://www.passthemsra.com/topic/dna-viru...)
🚀 Rapid Quiz: https://www.passthemsra.com/topic/dna-viru... (https://www.passthemsra.com/topic/dna-viru...)
🔗 Quiz: https://www.passthemsra.com/quizzes/dna-vi... (https://www.passthemsra.com/quizzes/dna-vi...)
🎓 Infectious Diseases for the MSRA: https://www.passthemsra.com/courses/infect... (https://www.passthemsra.com/courses/infect...)
#MSRA #DNAViruses #Herpes #HPV #HepatitisB #Adenovirus #VZV #Poxvirus #Parvovirus #JCvirus #MedicalVirology #ExamPrep #PassTheMSRA #RevisionPodcast



Episode link: https://play.headliner.app/episode/2738986...