Fluid Coupling Working Animation - Hydraulic Coupling

FLUID COUPLING - HYDRAULIC COUPLING - WORKING ANIMATION OF FLUID COUPLING

A fluid coupling or hydraulic coupling is a hydrodynamic or 'hydrokinetic' device used to transmit rotating mechanical power.It has been used in automobile transmissions as an alternative to a mechanical clutch. It also has widespread application in marine and industrial machine drives, where variable speed operation and controlled start-up without shock loading of the power transmission system is essential.

Fluid couplings are often used to drive large inertia machines in combination with squirrel cage motors. They permit a load free acceleration of the motor and consequently with increasing oil fill, provide a soft/gentle quasi steady state start-up of the machine.

Fluid couplings are used in drives for conveyor systems such as belt conveyors, bucket elevators and chain conveyors. The smooth application of fluid coupling torque provides a smooth start-up of belt conveyor to protect the belt from damaging stresses.

Advantages-

1. Controlled start up speed without shock loading of power transmission system.
2. There is no mechanical contact between driving shaft and driven shaft (or between pump wheel and turbine wheel). Hence there is no frictional wearing of them.
3. Power transmission is smooth. Motor or engine starts unloaded.
4. Fluid coupling can dampen shock loads. Fluid coupling can run smoothly even in extreme conditions.
5. The power transmission is free from vibration.
6. There is no chance of vibration noises when power transmitted from vibrating engine to the driven shaft by using a fluid coupling.
7. Fluid coupling can be used in both vertical and horizontal application.
8. In case of overloading, it can disengage from driver by automatically draining the oil filled by blowing of fusible plug
9. The maximum torque can be adjusted by varying the amount of oil filled in the casing.

Disadvantages-

1. There is always slip. There is always slight difference in speed of pump wheel and turbine wheel
The fluid filled in casing must be compatible with coupling component, it directly affects the transmission behavior of the fluid coupling.
2. Fluid coupling cannot develop torque when the driving shaft and driven shaft are rotating in same angular velocity.
3. Under stalling condition, the coupling dissipates energy as heat it may lead to damage.

You can ask relevant questions in the comment box.
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