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Finding the Length of a 2D Array (List of Lists) in Python: A Comprehensive Guide

In Python, a 2D array is typically represented as a list of lists. Each inner list represents a row, and the number of rows and columns determine the overall dimensions of the "array". Finding the length (or size) of a 2D array in Python involves determining:

1. *Number of Rows:* How many inner lists are there?
2. *Number of Columns:* How many elements are in each inner list (i.e., how many elements are in a row)? Note that while not strictly enforced, well-formed 2D arrays usually have the same number of columns in each row.

Let's dive into various ways to find these lengths, along with explanations and examples.

*1. Basic Approach: Using `len()`*

The `len()` function is your primary tool. Applied to a list, it returns the number of elements in that list. Therefore:

`len(2d_array)` gives you the number of rows.
`len(2d_array[0])` gives you the number of columns (assuming all rows have the same number of columns).



*Explanation:*

`len(my_array)`: `my_array` is a list containing three other lists. Therefore, its length is 3.
`len(my_array[0])`: `my_array[0]` accesses the first inner list `[1, 2, 3]`. Its length is 3, representing the number of columns.

*Important Considerations:*

*Assumption of Uniform Columns:* The `len(my_array[0])` approach only works reliably if all rows have the same number of columns. If your 2D array is "ragged" (rows have different lengths), this method will give you the number of columns in the first row only.
*Empty 2D Array:* If your 2D array is empty (`my_array = []`), then `len(my_array[0])` will raise an `IndexError: list index out of range` because you're trying to access the first element of an empty list. Always check for emptiness before attempting to access `my_array[0]`.

*2. Handling Ragged Arrays*

If you need to handle 2D arrays where rows can have different lengths, you need a sli ...

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