Скачать или смотреть The number N of atoms in a particular state is called the population of that state. This number depe

The number N of atoms in a particular state is called the population of that state. This number depends on the energy of that state and the temperature. In thermal equilibrium, the population of atoms in a state of energy En is given by a Boltzmann distribution expression where is the population of the ground state of energy is Boltzmann's constant, and is the absolute temperature. For simplicity, assume each energy level has only one quantum state associated with it. (a) Before the power is switched on, the neon atoms in a laser are in thermal equilibrium at . Find the equilibrium ratio of the populations of the states and shown for the red transition in Figure . Lasers operate by a clever artificial production of a "population inversion" between the upper and lower atomic energy states involved in the lasing transition. This term means that more atoms are in the upper excited state than in the lower one. Consider the transition in Figure . Assume 2 more atoms occur in the upper state than in the lower. (b) To demonstrate how unnatural such a situation is, find the temperature for which the Boltzmann distribution describes a 2.00 population inversion. (c) Why does such a situation not occur naturally?