Скачать или смотреть History of Egypt

Located in northeastern Africa and bordered by the Red Sea and the Mediterranean Sea, Egypt is surrounded by Libya to the west, Sudan to the south, as well as Israel and the Gaza strip to the Middle East. With a population of over 100 million people, Egyptians mainly speak modern Egyptian Arabic. The country has some minority populations such as the Nubian of southern Nile, Berbers of Siwa Oasis, Bedouins, and Copts who constitute only about 5% of the entire population. While the Nubians speak Nubian language, the Copts speak Coptic language mainly in their hymns and prayers.The people of the upper Nile speak Sa’idi Arabic, while the Siwa language is common among the Berbers. English and French are also common among some residents. The Egyptian religious circle has a 90% Muslim population, while Christians are only 10%. In pre-colonial Egypt, the government was based on the larger than life Pharaoh whom the people believed was a living god, with a structure that comprised priests and other officials such as viziers, army commanders, chief treasurers, a minister of public works, and tax collectors.
Many scholars and researchers are of the opinion that Narmer, also called Menes ,was the first Pharaoh, as well as the first ruler to unite upper and lower Egypt.
The  country's name, “Egypt,” was coined from Kemet,  Kermit, or Kmt, which means the Black land. They particularly referred to themselves as “remetch en Kermet”, meaning the “People of the Black Land”: this alluded to the rich soil found in the Nile Valley and Delta.
They also sometimes referred to Egypt as “Deshret,” or “dshrt,” which means “Red Land”.
After serious agitations for freedom which reached its peak during the 1st world war, It was on the 28th of February, 1922 that the British declared limited independence for Egypt.
The country had been made a British protectorate on the 14th of December 1914. The colonizers maintained the power to interfere in the country's foreign interests. With a constitution approved on the 19th of April, 1922, there was an electoral law that established parliamentary elections a few weeks later. Egypt got her independence on the 18th of June, 1953.
With a population of over 20 million people, Cairo, the country's capital is one of the largest cities in Africa . The Egyptian Army, also called the Egyptian Ground Forces, is the largest service branch within the Egyptian Armed Forces.