Скачать или смотреть Heat flows from hot to cold Thermodynamics

The Second Law of Thermodynamics states that the total entropy (disorder) of an isolated system always increases over time, meaning spontaneous processes naturally move toward greater randomness, not less. This law explains why heat flows from hot to cold, engines aren't perfectly efficient (energy is lost as waste heat), and processes like a broken cup spontaneously reassembling are impossible, defining the arrow of time for macroscopic events.

Entropy (S): A measure of disorder, randomness, or the number of possible microscopic arrangements (microstates) for a given system.
Spontaneous Processes: Events that occur naturally, like ice melting or a hot stove cooling down.
Isolated System: A system that exchanges neither energy nor matter with its surroundings.

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