Listing & Managing Linux Processes | ps command | RHCSA 8 Certification #26 | Tech Arkit | EX200

A process is an instance of a computer program that is being executed. It contains the program code and its current activity. Depending on the operating system (OS), a process may be made up of multiple threads of execution that execute instructions concurrently. RHCSA 8

:: Process States ::
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1. Running :- The Process is either running (it is the current process in the system) or it is ready to run (it is waiting to be assigned to one of the system's CPUs).

2. Waiting :- The process is waiting for an event or for a resource. Linux differentiates between two types of waiting process; interruptible and uninterruptible. Interruptible waiting processes can be interrupted by signals whereas uninterruptible waiting processes are waiting directly on hardware conditions and cannot be interrupted under any circumstances.

3. Stopped :- The Processes has been stopped, usually by receiving a STOP signal.

4. Orphaned :- If a process exits with children still running (and doesn't kill its children;), those children are orphans. Orphaned children are immediately "adopted" by init (actually, I think most people call this "reparenting," but "adoption" ). An orphan is just a process.

5. Zombie :- This is a halted process which, for some reason, still has a task_struct data structure in the task vector. It is what it sounds like, a dead process. Zombies only occupy space in the process table. They take no memory or CPU. However, the process table is a finite resource, and excessive zombies can fill it, meaning that no other processes can launch. Beyond that, they are bothersome clutter, and should be strongly avoided.

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