The Roots of Reformation: John Wycliffe

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CORRECTION: The individual who oversaw the desecration of Wycliffe’s remains was the Bishop of Lincoln not (as I said) the Bishop of London.

Today we’re exploring the life and legacy of John Wycliffe, sometimes called “the Morningstar of the Reformation”…

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Images (from Wikimedia Commons, unless otherwise stated):

Portrait of John Wycliffe by Thomas Kirkby (c.1828). Held by Balliol College.

An illuminated manuscript miniature of Edward III of England. From the 1430 Bruges Garter Book made by William Bruges (1375–1450), first Garter King of Arms, British Library, Stowe 594 ff. 7v.

Portrait of John of Gaunt by an unknown artist (c.1593). Held in a private collection.

Old St Paul's Cathedral in London from Early Christian Architecture by Francis Bond (1913). From a Copy, in the possession of Mr. Crace, Esq., of the earliest known view of London, taken by Van der Wyngarde for Philip II. of Spain. (Signed W.H. Prior, Typographic Etching Co., Pub. c.1875).

Coronation of Richard II aged ten in 1377, from the Recueil des croniques of Jean de Wavrin (15th century). Held by the British Library, London.

Richard II meeting with the rebels of the Peasants' Revolt of 1381 from Jean Froissart, Chroniques (between 1401 and 1500). Held by the Bibliothèque nationale de France.

An illustration of the priest John Ball ("Jehã Balle") on a horse encouraging Wat Tyler's rebels ("Waultre le tieulier") of 1381, from a ca. 1470 manuscript of Jean Froissart's Chronicles in the British Library. Detail of British Library manuscript "Royal 18 E. I f.165v" as scanned at http://molcat1.bl.uk/IllImages/Ekta/b...

Photograph of “Wycliffe’s Bible” on display in the British Library, taken in 2021 by Coldupnorth

Woodcut showing the desecration of Wycliffe’s remains from John Foxe’s Acts and Monuments. For full text, see: https://www.johnfoxe.org/index_php.html

Quoted texts:

Anne Hudson and Anthony Kenny, ODNB entry for John Wyclif[fe]

Thomas Walsingham, Chronica Maiora (1376-1422)

Medieval Sourcebook:
Pope Gregory XI : The Condemnation of Wycliffe 1382 and Wycliffe's Reply, 1384: https://pages.uoregon.edu/sshoemak/32...

Henry Knighton's Chronicon (14th century)

John Foxe’s Acts and Monuments (1583)


Also consulted, were:

Other relevant entries from The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography Online.

#History #Reformation #Medieval