Where Is the Old Testament Prophecy of Jesus’ Death and Resurrection on the Third Day?

Paul wrote that “Christ died for our sins [and] was raised on the third day in accordance with the Scriptures” (1 Corinthians 15:3-4). The Old Testament doesn’t just prophesy that Jesus would be raised; it also prophesies that he would be raised on the third day. Where is the Old Testament prophecy of Jesus' death and resurrection on the third day? There are four possibilities.

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00:00 Where Is the Old Testament Prophecy of Jesus Death and Resurrection on the Third Day?
09:53 Lesson One: The gospel is Jesus (Part One) died for our sins.
17:24 Lesson One: The gospel is Jesus (Part Two) was raised on the third day.
25:30 Lesson Two: Jesus was raised on the third day in accordance with (Part One) the Feast of Firstfruits.
29:45 Lesson Two: Jesus was raised on the third day in accordance with (Part Two) Hosea.
39:22 Lesson Two: Jesus was raised on the third day in accordance with (Part Three) Jonah.
42:26 Lesson Two: Jesus was raised on the third day in accordance with (Part Four) Isaac.

Paul presents the essential elements in 1 Corinthians 15:3-4. If you want to remember different chapters in the Bible, this is the Resurrection Chapter. We’ll focus on verses 3 and 4, but let’s start at verse one for context:

1 Corinthians 15:1 Now I would remind you, brothers, of the gospel I preached to you, which you received, in which you stand, 2 and by which you are being saved if you hold fast to the word I preached to you unless you believed in vain. 3a For I delivered to you as of first importance what I also received:

Notice Paul said he delivered the gospel he received. Or you could say he delivered what was delivered to him. Paul did not come up with the gospel. Instead, he is a link in the long chain of people who have been preaching the gospel since its inception back in the Garden of Eden at the fall.

Also, notice Paul said the gospel is “of first importance.” There are many important things to learn, such as love, forgiveness, service, and giving, but nothing is more important than learning the gospel. So, what is the gospel? Paul tells us the two essential elements in the rest of verse three and then in verse four.

First, Jesus Died for Our Sins

1 Corinthians 15:3b that Christ died for our sins,

God is just, which means he must punish every sin that has ever been committed. If even one sin escaped his punishment, he could be mostly just but not perfectly just. The Gospel allows God to be merciful and just:

He can be merciful because he gave his Son, Jesus Christ, to take the punishment our sins deserve.
He can be just because our sins are still punished.

We must choose whether to be punished for our sins or repent and believe in Jesus so he takes the punishment for us. Romans 6:23 says, “the wages of sin is death, but the free gift of God is eternal life in Christ Jesus our Lord.” Because the wages, or consequences of sin, is death, our sin must result in death. There must be a death for our sin. Either we die for our sins, or as the verse says, Christ died for our sins.

Psalm 22 Prophecies of Jesus’ Death

1 Corinthians 15:3c in accordance with the Scriptures,

Before the New Testament was written, the Old Testament was called the Scriptures. So, Paul is saying the Old Testament prophesied that Jesus would die for our sins. I will share three verses from each of the two passages that most clearly prophesy of Jesus’s death—Psalm 22 and Isaiah 53—but each chapter contains much more than three prophecies. You’ll also see that most of the verses have accompanying New Testament verses identifying them as prophecies.

Psalm 22:1 My God, my God, why have you forsaken me? Why are you so far from saving me, from the words of my groaning?

David wrote this at a low point in his life. We know it is a prophecy about Jesus because he said these words on the cross:

Matthew 27:46 And about the ninth hour Jesus cried out with a loud voice, saying, “Eli, Eli, lema sabachthani?” that is, “My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?”

Later in the Psalm, David wrote:

Psalm 22:16 For dogs encompass me; a company of...

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