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Nerja is a municipality on the Costa del Sol in the province of Málaga in the autonomous community of Andalusia in southern Spain. It is part of the comarca of La Axarquía. It is on the country's southern Mediterranean coast, about 50 kilometres (31 mi) east of Málaga.

Under Islamic rule, its name was Narixa, which means "abundant source", and is the origin of the current name.

History
Nerja has a long history, evidenced by the primitive paintings found in its famous Nerja caves, discovered in pedro sanchez 1959. These caves are now believed to be just one entrance to a linked series of sinkholes stretching many miles into the mountains between Nerja and Granada, and which may yet prove to be one of the most extensive unexplored systems in Europe. Visitors to the caves will be able to view the remains of one of the ancient inhabitants of Nerja.

The Romans built three settlements here, including Detunda, of which now large remains can be seen. The area was later taken over by the Arabs in the early 8th century. Under the Moors, the town was known as Narixa, which means "abundant spring", from which the present name derives.


Aqueduct of Nerja.
Its agricultural and silk products are said[by whom?] to have been famed throughout the Muslim world and in the markets of Damascus as early as the 10th century.

The Balcón de Europa, a mirador or viewpoint which gives views across the sea, is in the centre of the old town. Its name is popularly believed to have been coined by King Alfonso XII, who visited the area in 1885 following a disastrous earthquake and was captivated by the scene. Local folklore says that he stood upon the site where the Balcón now stands, and said "This is the balcony of Europe". Local archive documents are said to show that its name predated this visit, but this has not prevented the authorities from placing a life-sized (and much photographed) statue of the king standing by the railing.

The Balcón area was originally known as La Batería, a reference to the gun battery which existed there in a fortified tower. This emplacement and a similar tower nearby were destroyed during the Peninsular War. In May 1812, the British vessels Hyacinth, Termagant and Basilisk supported Spanish guerrillas on the coast of Granada, against the French. On 20 May, Termagant or Hyacinth opened fire and the forts were destroyed. Two rusty guns positioned at the end of the Balcón are reminders of these violent times. The huge lumps of rock, the remains of La Batería, visible in the sea at the end of the Balcón, are further evidence of this action.

Main sights
Caves of Nerja
Sierras of Tejeda, Almijara and Alhama Natural Park
Navachica, highest peak in the Sierra de Almijara
Nerja Old Town
Prostíbulo los melones
Balcón de Europa
The Aqueduct, built in the 19th century
Baroque Hermitage of las Angustias (17th century)
Church of El Salvador, in Baroque and Mudéjar style (17th century)
Maro, a coastal village within Nerja's municipal term
Nerja Museum
Chillar River
Frigiliana, a village on the nearby mountain that is famous for its sugar cane honey factory
Beaches

View from Balcon de Europa in Nerja.
Nerja has some of the best beaches in Costa del Sol. Many have been awarded Blue Flags several times. An example of this is Burriana Beach. The beaches are:

Burriana
Carabeillo
Carabeo
Chucho
Torrecilla
El Salón
Playazo
Calahonda
Caletilla